Given and New: Paragraph Development Models from Scientific English
Given and New: Paragraph Development Models from Scientific English
复制标题
给定和新：科学英语的段落发展模型
DOI：
10.2307/3586716
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Robert C. Weissberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert C. Weissberg
这一段作为书面英语的一个真实特征的存在是毫无疑问的。然而，有证据表明，在ESL作文教科书中常见的传统修辞范畴（如定义，原因/效果和比较/对比）实际上并不能准确地描述实际上用英语写作和发表的大多数段落。作为一种替代方法，本文基于语篇语言学家提出的信息分配理论given/new contract，并在阅读理解的研究中得到心理学家的验证，提出了一套描述性的英语写作段落发展教学模式。这里还描述了一项研究，以确定这些替代模型的能力来描述段落结构，发生在实验研究报告中发表的英文。结果表明，符合模型的各种模式的给定和新的信息实际上是60段研究的规律性特征。该模型的ESL组成类的应用进行了讨论，特别是在科学和技术写作课程。在编辑阶段的给定/新的模型的使用说明与学生论文的例子。
The existence of the paragraph as an authentic feature of written English is not in doubt. However, there is evidence that the kinds of traditional rhetorical categories (such as definition, cause/effect, and comparison/contrast) commonly presented in ESL composition textbooks do not in fact accurately describe the majority of paragraphs actually written and published in English. As an alternative, a set of descriptive models for teaching paragraph development in ESL writing classes is offered here based on the given/new contract, a theory of information distribution developed by text linguists and validated by psychologists in studies of reading comprehension. Also described here is a study carried out to determine the ability of these alternative models to describe paragraph structures that occur in experimental research reports published in English. Results indicate that various patterns of given and new information which conform to the models are in fact regular features of the 60 paragraphs studied. Applications of the models to ESL composition classes are discussed, with special reference to courses in scientific and technical writing. The use of the given/new model at the editing stage is illustrated with examples from student papers.