A viewpoint on the reconstruction of destroyed UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Sites
A viewpoint on the reconstruction of destroyed UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Sites
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DOI：
10.1080/13527258.2016.1269239
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Khalaf, Roha W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khalaf, Roha W.
教科文组织世界文化遗产(WHS)在冲突地区遭到破坏是毁灭性的，并继续引发关于重建的激烈辩论。工艺技能和建筑材料可以恢复丢失的物理面料。认同WHS的社区可以将意义和价值赋予新的织物，从而收回他们的遗产。然而，在造成不可逆转的损害后，很难恢复突出的普世价值(OUV)，包括真实性和完整性。如果一项世界遗产被破坏，后来又被重建，它还能被承认为世界遗产吗？是一个关键问题，值得商榷。它是在2016年3月在ICOMOS总部举行的关于创伤后重建的座谈会上提出的。一位与会者评论说，如果发生灾难或战争，不可能惩罚缔约国，“但在这方面没有进一步的交流”。在这篇文章中，我认为实施《世界遗产公约》的操作指南可能需要将关注点从特殊情况转移到遗产的当代性。也许这是一种矛盾的修饰法，但它可能会在冲突地区和冲突后地区维持列入世界遗产的文化。提出了一个新的类别，并同时提出了三个资格条件。
The destruction of UNESCO Cultural World Heritage Sites (WHS) in conflict zones is devastating and continues to spark heated debate on reconstruction. Craft skills and construction materials can reinstate lost physical fabric. Communities who identify with WHS can ascribe meanings and values to the new fabric, thereby reclaiming their heritage. However, it is difficult to retrieve Outstanding Universal Value (OUV), including authenticity and integrity after irreversible damage has been done. If a World Heritage property is destroyed and later reconstructed, could it still be recognised as World Heritage?' is a critical question, open to debate. It was raised during a colloquium on Post-Trauma Reconstruction' held at ICOMOS Headquarters in March 2016. A participant commented that it is not possible to punish the State Party if a disaster or a war occurred', but there was no further exchange on this aspect'. In this paper, I argue that the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention may need to shift the spotlight from exceptional circumstances' to the contemporaneity of heritage. An oxymoron, perhaps, but it may sustain the culture of World Heritage inscription in conflict and post-conflict zones. A new category, in concert with three qualifying conditions, is proposed.