Evaluation of trace metals in tobacco of local and imported cigarette brands used in Pakistan by spectrophotometer through microwave digestion
Evaluation of trace metals in tobacco of local and imported cigarette brands used in Pakistan by spectrophotometer through microwave digestion
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DOI：
10.2131/jts.33.415
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Malik, Salman Akbar
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ajab, Huma;Yasmeen, Sadia;Malik, Salman Akbar
主动和被动吸烟者不加控制地接触微量金属会增加健康风险。这项研究的主要目的是确定在巴基斯坦使用的本地和进口卷烟品牌是否含有更高水平的金属。采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了巴基斯坦20种国产和进口卷烟烟叶中锰、钴、铜、镉、铅、锌六种金属的含量。为了克服污染的机会和完全消化分析物，使用了微波消化器。分析结果表明，与本土品牌的同类产品相比，进口品牌的金属锰(84.78mug/g干重)、镉(0.525 mug/g干重)和锌(14.34mg/g干重)的含量最高。在本地品牌中，钴(3.344微克/克干重)、铅(14.16微克/克干重)和铜(7.889微克/克干重)的金属含量有所升高。烟草或本地和进口卷烟品牌的金属间关系在选定的金属水平上显示出一些综合差异。鉴于上述金属对健康的危害，应对烟草种植、加工和吸烟过程中的重金属监测进行严格的质量控制。因此，尽可能减少接触有毒物质是谨慎的，因为吸烟和接触香烟烟雾是进行人类接触金属的流行病学研究时要考虑的一个混杂因素。
Uncontrolled exposure of active and passive smokers to trace metals Causes increase in health risks. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether local and imported cigarette brands used in Pakistan, have elevated levels of metals or not. Six metals manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) were determined in tobacco of twenty cigarette brands (local and imported) used in Pakistan by flame atomic absorption Spectrophotometry. To overcome contamination chances and for complete digestion of analytes a microwave digester was used. The analytical results showed highest concentration of Mn (84.78 mu g/g dry weight), Cd (0.525 mu g/g dry weight) and Zn (14.34 mu g/g dry weight) metals in imported brands in relation to counterparts from the local brands. Certain elevated levels were observed for Co (3.344 mu g/g dry weight), Pb (14.16 mu g/g dry weight) and Cu (7.889 mu g/g dry weight) metals in local brands. The inter-metal relationships in the tobacco or local and imported cigarette brands showed some integrated variation in the selected metal levels. In view of health risk associated with the above metals, there should be a strict quality control over monitoring of heavy metals during growing, processing and smoking of tobacco. Therefore, it is prudent to minimize exposure to toxic substances whenever possible because smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke is a confounder to be taken into account when carrying out epidemiological studies on human exposure to metals.