Maximal and explosive force production capacity and balance performance in men of different ages
Maximal and explosive force production capacity and balance performance in men of different ages
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DOI：
10.1007/s004210050504
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Häkkinen, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Izquierdo, M;Aguado, X;Häkkinen, K
32名健康男性（M）分为三个不同年龄组，即M 20岁[平均21岁（SD 1）：n = 12]，M 40岁[平均40岁（SD 2）：n = 10]和M 70岁[平均71岁（SD 5）：n = 10]自愿作为el的受试者;在等长和动态动作（蹲跳，SJ和反向运动跳，CMJ和立定跳远，SLJ）中，腿部伸肌的最大和爆发力产生的胺化。在测力台上进行等长和动态平衡试验。M70的最大双侧等长力值较低（P < 0.001）比M40低46%力-时间曲线上的最大力发展速率（RFD）在M70中低于M40（P <0.001），比M20低64%。M70的SJ、CMJ的高度和SLJ的距离均低于M40和M20（P <0.001）。在对视觉环境的改变做出反应时，老年受试者到达照明中心的反应时间（TT）比M40和M20慢24%-47%（P < 0.05和P < 0.001），在中心内的时间（TC）比M40和M20分别少20%-34%（P < 0.001）。在两个老年组中，个体等长RFD值与个体TT和TC平衡值均显著相关（P < 0.05）。目前的研究结果表明，随着年龄的增长，爆发力的生产能力急剧下降，甚至超过最大肌肉力量。衰老也可能导致平衡受损，事件检测和姿势调整速度下降。老年人快速发展力量的能力下降似乎与控制姿势摇摆的神经肌肉反应能力降低有关。
A group of 32 healthy men (M) divided into three different age groups, i.e. M20 years [mean 21 (SD 1): n = 12], M40 [mean 40 (SD 2); n = 10] and M70 [mean 71 (SD 5): n = 10] volunteered as subjects for el;amination of maximal and explosive force production of leg extensor muscles in both isometric and dynamic actions (squat jump, SJ and counter movement jump, CMJ, and standing long-jump, SLJ). The balance test was performed on a force platform in both isometric and dynamic actions. Maximal bilateral isometric force value in M70 was lower(P < 0.001) than in M40 and as much as 46% lower (P < 0.001) than that recorded in M20 (P < 0.001), The maximal rate of force development (RFD) on the force-time curve was in M70 lower (P < 0.001) than in M40 and as much as 64% lower than in M20. The heights in SJ and CMJ and the distance in SLJ in M70 were lower (P < 0.001) than in M40 and M20 (P < 0.001). In response to modifications of the visual surroundings the older subjects were 24%-47% (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001) slower in their response time in reaching the lit centre (TT) and remained 20%-34% (P < 0.001) less time inside the centre (TC) from the overall time of lighting than M40 and M20, respectively. In both older groups the individual values of isometric RFD correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with the individual balance values of TT and TC. The present results would suggest that the capacity for explosive force production declines drastically with increasing age, even more than maximal muscle strength. Aging may also lead to impaired balance with a decrease in event detection and speed of postural adjustments. The decreased ability to develop force rapidly in older people seems to be associated with a lower capacity for neuromuscular response in controlling postural sway.