Microanatomy of the lung of the bowhead whale balaena mysticetus
Microanatomy of the lung of the bowhead whale balaena mysticetus
复制标题
弓头鲸肺部的显微解剖
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jerrold T. Haldiman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Henk;Jerrold T. Haldiman
用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对阿拉斯加爱斯基摩人捕获的六头露脊鲸的肺进行了检查。管腔直径范围为1至40 mm的气道由含有大量粘液分泌细胞的假复层纤毛上皮内衬。这些气道的固有层粘膜下层除了弹性和胶原纤维成分外，还含有小管肺泡腺、浆细胞和淋巴积聚。软骨延伸到呼吸道的水平，但平滑肌是缺席大于3毫米的气道，和tubuloalveolar腺是缺席小于3毫米的气道。呼吸道内衬假复层，简单的立方，简单的鳞状上皮。肺泡管仅由单层鳞状上皮覆盖。主要由弹性纤维组成的结缔组织核心支撑肺泡管壁。在这些结构中既没有观察到平滑肌也没有观察到软骨。肺泡包含典型的鲸类双毛细血管床，由主要由胶原结缔组织组成的厚隔膜分隔。肺泡内衬单层鳞状上皮，类似于肺泡导管和呼吸道。上皮由I型和II型肺泡上皮细胞组成，紧密贴附于下层毛细血管网。II型肺泡细胞含有典型的板层小体，在气隙中可见管状髓鞘。肺被一个厚的（X = 2.5 mm）脏层胸膜包围，胸膜内富含血管和弹性纤维。
The lungs from six bowhead whales harvested by Alaskan Eskimos have been examined with light and electron microscopes. Airways ranging from 1 to 40 mm in luminal diameter are lined by a pseudostratified ciliated epithelium containing numerous mucus‐secreting cells. The underlying lamina propria‐tela submucosa of these airways contains tubuloalveolar glands, plasma cells, and lymphatic accumulations in addition to both elastic and collagenous fibrillar elements. Cartilage extends to the level of the respiratory airways, but smooth muscle is absent from airways larger than 3 mm, and tubuloalveolar glands are absent from airways smaller than 3 mm. Respiratory airways are lined by pseudostratified, simple cuboidal, and simple squamous epithelia. Alveolar ducts are lined by simple squamous epithelium exclusively. A connective tissue core composed mostly of elastic fibers supports the walls of the alveolar ducts. Neither smooth muscle nor cartilage has been observed in these structures. Alveoli contain the typical cetacean double capillary bed separated by a thick septum composed mainly of collagenous connective tissue. Alveoli are lined by a simple squamous epithelium similar to that encountered in alveolar ducts and respiratory airways. This epithelium is composed of type I and II pneumocytes closely appressed to an underlying capillary network. The type II pneumocytes contain typical lamellar bodies and tubular myelin can be seen in the air spaces. The lung is surrounded by a thick (X = 2.5 mm) visceral pleura rich in blood vessels and elastic fibers.