Evolution of the indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the genus Hordeum:: Distribution of gramine and DIBOA and isolation of the benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes from Hordeum lechleri
Evolution of the indole alkaloid biosynthesis in the genus Hordeum:: Distribution of gramine and DIBOA and isolation of the benzoxazinoid biosynthesis genes from Hordeum lechleri
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DOI：
10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.01.024
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gierl, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grün, S;Frey, M;Gierl, A
在小麦族大麦属植物中合成了两个具有防御功能的吲哚生物碱。在H. spontaneum和H.通常，在H中检测到苯并恶嗪类2，4-二羟基-2H-1，4-苯并恶嗪-3（4 H）-酮（DIBOA）。roshevitzii，H. brachyantherum，H. flextiosum，H. lechleri。发现DIBOA和禾本科碱的生物合成在野生大麦物种中是相互排斥的，这表明在进化过程中存在对两种途径同时表达的选择。分离秘鲁黑曲霉中DIBOA生物合成所需的全套基因，并通过异源表达分析相应的酶功能。细胞色素P450基因Bx 2-Bx 5表明H. lechleri、小麦和玉米。HlBx 2-HlBx 5与普通小麦的直向同源性最高。相反，DIBOA途径的分支点酶，吲哚-3-甘油磷酸裂解酶BX 1，可能在H. lechleri。在合成DIBOA的大麦属中，发现了与Bx基因同源的DNA序列，而在大麦属的基因组中却没有发现这些序列。vulgare和H.不合成苯并恶嗪类化合物。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Two indole alkaloids with defense related functions are synthesized in the genus Hordeum of the Triticeae. Gramine (3(dimethylamino-methyl)-indole) is found in H. spontaneum and in some varieties of H. vulgare, the benzoxazinoid 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIBOA) is detected in H. roshevitzii, H. brachyantherum, H. flextiosum, H. lechleri. Biosynthesis of DIBOA and of gramine was found to be mutually exclusive in wild Hordeum species, indicating that there was selection against simultaneous expression of both pathways during evolution. The full set of genes required for DIBOA biosynthesis in H.lechleri was isolated and the respective enzyme functions were analyzed by heterologous expression. The cytochrome P450 genes Bx2-Bx5 demonstrate a monophyletic origin for H. lechleri, Triticum aestivum and Zea mays. HlBx2-HlBx5 share highest homology to the orthologous genes of T aestivum. In contrast, the branch point enzyme of the DIBOA pathway, the indole-3-glycerol phosphate lyase BX1, might have evolved independently in H. lechleri. In a-ill Hordeum species that synthesize DIBOA, DNA sequences homologous to Bx genes are found. In contrast, these sequences are not detectable in the genomes of H. vulgare and H. spontaneum that do not synthesize benzoxazinoids. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.