Simulation of geophysical phenomena in the laboratory
Simulation of geophysical phenomena in the laboratory
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实验室地球物理现象模拟
DOI：
10.2514/3.2706
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发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Bachynski
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Bachynski
对“空间”的探索越来越成为对等离子体-磁场相互作用的研究。这是因为“空间”主要由磁场渗透的等离子体组成，它们的相互作用引起了许多地球物理现象，最近在地球上和空间探测器上观察到。从最早的时候起，这些观察和测量就已经刺激了理论推导，或者已经被理论推导所刺激。因此，在试图解释各种现象方面已经花费了相当大的努力，而且这种努力还在继续增加。由于自然界中相互作用的复杂性，在每个理论推导中都需要一些假设。通常很难确定对每个理论至关重要的物理机制是否是自然界中重要的机制，或者被忽视的效应是否真的决定了发生的事情。越来越多的测量，特别是那些由于空间探测器，开始产生重要的数据，可用于解决其中的一些方面。一个主要的困难是，地球的环境不是一个“受控”的环境，因此在许多情况下，很难在太空中进行真正的“受控”实验，这可能会测试我们对一种现象的理解的一个关键特征，而且由于周期性（昼夜，太阳黑子等），单一的测量无论多么精确，都可能不够。许多自然现象的行为。我们正在积累相当数量的零散观测资料，但至今还没有关于地球物理环境的普遍统一的概念。人们可能会问，“比例模型实验室的测量难道不能提供关于各种理论的适用性的大量信息，从而有助于解释全尺寸数据，并可能对未来“空间”实验的设计提出建议吗？“在过去的60年中表1自然界和实验室中发现的参数比较
T exploration of "space" has become more and more an investigation of plasma-magnetic field interaction. This is because "space" consists primarily of plasma permeated by magnetic fields, and their mutual interactions give rise to the many geophysical phenomena observed on earth and more recently with space probes. Since the earliest times, these observations and measurements have stimulated or have been stimulated by theoretical deduction. Consequently, a considerable effort, which is continuing to increase, has been expended in attempts to explain the various phenomena. Because of the complexity of the interaction in nature, a number of assumptions are necessary in each theoretical derivation. It is usually difficult to ascertain whether the physical mechanisms that are crucial to each theory are the important ones in nature, or whether effects that have been neglected really determine what happens. More and more measurements, particularly those due to space probes, are beginning to produce significant data that can be used to resolve some of these aspects. One major difficulty is that the earth's environment is not a "controlled" environment, so that it is in many cases difficult to perform a true "controlled" experiment in space which may test a crucial feature of our understanding of a phenomenon, nor is a single measurement, no matter how precise, likely to be sufficient due to the cyclic (diurnal, sunspot, etc.) behavior of many natural phenomena. We are accumulating a considerable number of piecemeal observations but, as yet, no general unifying concept of the geophysical environment. One can then ask, "could not scale model laboratory measurements provide considerable information on the applicability of various theories and consequently assist in the interpretation of full-scale data and perhaps suggest the design of future "space" experiments?" Over the last sixty Table 1 Comparison of parameters found in nature and in laboratory