Ancient plant-like terpene biosynthesis in corals.

Ancient plant-like terpene biosynthesis in corals.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41589-022-01026-2
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发表时间:
2022-06
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Moore BS
Moore BS
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Burkhardt I;de Rond T;Chen PY;Moore BS

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珊瑚是海洋中萜类化学多样性的主要贡献者。其他固着海洋动物的天然产物主要由共生微生物而不是宿主生物合成。在这里,我们通过描述动物编码的萜烯环化酶(TC),在珊瑚中无处不在的单系谱系来挑战这种长期存在的范式。我们的特点是15 TC酶从9个属,其中几个产生前体的标志性,珊瑚特有的萜类化合物,如pseudopterosin,lophoxin和eleutherobin。X-射线晶体学研究表明,珊瑚TC共享保守的活性位点残基和结构特征与细菌TC。珊瑚TC的鉴定使得能够有针对性地鉴定构建珊瑚专属capnellane支架的酶。几个TC基因与编码已知修饰萜烯的酶的基因共定位。这项工作提出了动物界生物合成能力的第一个例子,可以与植物产生的化学复杂性相媲美,释放了珊瑚虫在生物医学应用中的生物技术潜力。
Octocorals are major contributors of terpenoid chemical diversity in the ocean. Natural products from other sessile marine animals are primarily biosynthesized by symbiotic microbes rather than by the host. Here we challenge this long-standing paradigm by describing a monophyletic lineage of animal-encoded terpene cyclases (TCs), ubiquitous in octocorals. We characterized 15 TC enzymes from nine genera, several of which produce precursors of iconic, coral-specific terpenoids such as pseudopterosin, lophotoxin and eleutherobin. X-ray crystallography reveals that coral TCs share conserved active site residues and structural features with bacterial TCs. The identification of coral TCs enabled the targeted identification of the enzyme that constructs the coral-exclusive capnellane scaffold. Several TC genes are co-localized with genes that encode enzymes known to modify terpenes. This work presents the first example of biosynthetic capacity in the kingdom Animalia that rivals the chemical complexity generated by plants, unlocking the biotechnological potential of octocorals for biomedical applications.
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