A two-year field measurement of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from rice paddies under contrasting climate conditions.
A two-year field measurement of methane and nitrous oxide fluxes from rice paddies under contrasting climate conditions.
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对不同气候条件下稻田甲烷和一氧化二氮通量的两年实地测量
DOI：
10.1038/srep28255
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发表时间：
2016-06-20
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Song X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun H;Zhou S;Fu Z;Chen G;Zou G;Song X
研究了3种灌溉水平（传统正常灌溉量[NA100%]、70%和30%正常灌溉量[NA70%和NA30%]）和2个水稻品种（Oryza sativa L.）在对比气候条件下（2013年为“暖干”季节，2014年为正常季节），研究了2013年（华友14号）和2014年（汉友8号）对CH 4和N2 O排放的影响。旱优8号是一个抗旱品种。2013年四季平均气温比2014年高2.3 ℃，而2013年插秧至灌浆期降水量仅为2014年的36%。与2014年相比，2013年NA100%条件下CH 4排放量增加了93- 161%，但水稻产量下降了7-13%。由于旱油8号需水量较低，其地表积水深度（SSWD）高于华油14号。无论水稻品种和气候条件如何，减少灌溉用水量都能有效减少CH 4排放。但在“暖干”季节灌水量减少，华优14产量显著下降，而对汉优8影响不大。N_2O排放主要受施肥和土壤水分的影响，而受品种的影响较小。
The effects of three irrigation levels (traditional normal amount of irrigation [NA100%], 70%, and 30% of the normal amount [NA70% and NA30%]) and two rice varieties (Oryza sativaL. Huayou14 and Hanyou8) on CH4and N2O emissions were investigated over two years under contrasting climate conditions (a ‘warm and dry’ season in 2013 and a normal season in 2014). Hanyou8 was developed as a drought-resistant variety. The mean seasonal air temperature in 2013 was 2.3 °C higher than in 2014, while the amount of precipitation from transplanting to the grain-filling stage in 2013 was only 36% of that in 2014. CH4emission rose by 93–161%, but rice grain yield fell by 7–13% in 2013, compared to 2014 under the NA100% conditions. Surface standing water depths (SSWD) were higher in Hanyou8 than in Huayou14 due to the lower water demand by Hanyou8. A reduction in the amount of irrigation water applied can effectively reduce the CH4emissions regardless of the rice variety and climate condition. However, less irrigation during the ‘warm and dry’ season greatly decreased Huayou14 grain yield, but had little impact on Hanyou8. In contrast, N2O emission depended more on fertilization and SSWD than on rice variety.