Three Strategies for the Critical Use of Statistical Methods in Psychological Research
Three Strategies for the Critical Use of Statistical Methods in Psychological Research
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DOI：
10.1177/0013164416668234
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Campitelli, Guillermo;Macbeth, Guillermo;Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando
我们提出了三种策略来取代心理学研究中的零假设统计显着性检验方法：（1）认知过程和预测的视觉表示，（2）数据分布的视觉表示和选择适当的分布进行分析，以及（3）模型比较。这三种策略已经被较早提出，因此我们不声称具有独创性。在这里，我们建议将这三种策略结合起来，不仅将它们用作分析和报告工具，而且还指导研究设计。第一种策略涉及以理论或模型的形式解决手头任务所涉及的认知过程的视觉表示，以及每种条件的预测模式的表示。第二种方法是 GAMLSS 方法，它包括提供分布的可视化表示以拟合数据，并选择适合原始数据的最佳分布以进行进一步分析。第三种策略是模型比较方法，它将研究人员的模型与替代模型进行比较。我们提出了推理领域的一个有效示例，其中我们遵循三种策略。
We present three strategies to replace the null hypothesis statistical significance testing approach in psychological research: (1) visual representation of cognitive processes and predictions, (2) visual representation of data distributions and choice of the appropriate distribution for analysis, and (3) model comparison. The three strategies have been proposed earlier, so we do not claim originality. Here we propose to combine the three strategies and use them not only as analytical and reporting tools but also to guide the design of research. The first strategy involves a visual representation of the cognitive processes involved in solving the task at hand in the form of a theory or model together with a representation of a pattern of predictions for each condition. The second approach is the GAMLSS approach, which consists of providing a visual representation of distributions to fit the data, and choosing the best distribution that fits the raw data for further analyses. The third strategy is the model comparison approach, which compares the model of the researcher with alternative models. We present a worked example in the field of reasoning, in which we follow the three strategies.