Age-Associated Memory Impairment: Proposed Diagnostic Criteria and Measures of Clinical Change - Report of a National Institute of Mental Health Work Group
Age-Associated Memory Impairment: Proposed Diagnostic Criteria and Measures of Clinical Change - Report of a National Institute of Mental Health Work Group
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DOI：
10.1080/87565648609540348
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Gershon, Samuel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crook, Thomas;Bartus, Raymond T.;Gershon, Samuel
人们普遍认为，许多健康个体在成年后的几十年中记忆某些类型信息的能力下降，并且这种信念得到了大量成熟的经验数据的支持（例如，Craik，1977; Flicker，Ferris，Crook，Bartus，& Reisberg，1985; Fozard，1985; Poon，1985）。尽管这种现象得到了广泛的认可，但没有一个普遍接受的诊断术语来描述经历这种损失的个体。也没有精确的诊断标准来区分这些人与没有经历过这种损失的人以及经历可能与特定疾病状态相关的记忆丧失的人。诸如良性衰老健忘（BSF; Kral，1962，1966）等术语已在科学文献中使用，但这些术语通常在语义上不合适，定义不精确，并且旨在描述具有记忆障碍的老年人的特定子集。这种缺乏一致的术语和具体的诊断标准的临床医生与患者的沟通和研究人员试图研究临床现象，并制定有效的治疗干预带来的问题。对记忆丧失的可能药物治疗的研究需要在明确规定的诊断标准上达成一致（Leber，1983）。我们报告了由美国国家精神卫生研究所（NIMH）工作组提出的诊断术语和具体的研究诊断标准（1），以描述健康的老年人在生命的最后几十年可能发生的记忆丧失。这些是为了促进研究人员之间的沟通，并刺激研究的流行病学，临床特征和治疗晚年记忆丧失。这两个诊断术语和标准提出的期望，修改和修订将发生进一步的研究进行，并作为临床医生和研究人员的意见表达。
There is a widely held belief that the ability to remember certain types of information declines in many healthy individuals during the later decades of adult life, and this belief is supported by a large and well-developed body of empirical data (e.g., Craik, 1977; Flicker, Ferris, Crook, Bartus, & Reisberg, 1985; Fozard, 1985; Poon, 1985). Despite widespread recognition of the phenomenon, there is no generally accepted diagnostic term to describe individuals who experience such loss. There are also no precise diagnostic criteria for distinguishing these individuals from persons who have experienced no such loss and from those who experience memory loss likely to be associated with specific disease states. Terms such as benign senescent forgetfulness (BSF; Kral, 1962, 1966) have been used in the scientific literature, but these terms are often semantically inappropriate, imprecisely defined, and intended to describe a particular subset of older people with memory impairment. This lack of agreement on terminology and specific diagnostic criteria poses problems both for clinicians communicating with patients and for investigators attempting to study the clinical phenomenon and develop effective therapeutic interventions. Research into possible pharmacologic treatments for memory loss requires that agreement be reached on clearly specified diagnostic criteria (Leber, 1983).We report diagnostic terminology and specific research diagnostic criteria proposed by a National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) work group(1) to describe the memory loss that may occur in healthy, elderly individuals in the later decades of life. These are presented to facilitate communication among investigators and stimulate research into the epidemiology, clinical characterization, and treatment of later-life memory loss. Both the diagnostic terminology and criteria are presented with the expectation that modifications and revisions will occur as further research is conducted and as the views of clinicians and researchers are expressed.