Population genetics of Vibrio cholerae from Nepal in 2010: evidence on the origin of the Haitian outbreak.
Population genetics of Vibrio cholerae from Nepal in 2010: evidence on the origin of the Haitian outbreak.
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DOI：
10.1128/mbio.00157-11
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Aarestrup FM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hendriksen RS;Price LB;Schupp JM;Gillece JD;Kaas RS;Engelthaler DM;Bortolaia V;Pearson T;Waters AE;Upadhyay BP;Shrestha SD;Adhikari S;Shakya G;Keim PS;Aarestrup FM
霍乱仍然是人类感染的一个重要原因，而且往往在自然灾害之后观察到疫情，例如2010年海地地震之后的疫情。霍乱疫情一经证实，就有传言说，这种疾病是由一个营的尼泊尔士兵作为联合国维和人员带到海地的。这种可能的联系从未得到证实。我们使用全基因组序列分型（WGST），脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）和抗菌药物敏感性测试，以表征最近从尼泊尔分离的24株霍乱弧菌，并评估与海地疫情的流行病学联系。分离株是2010年7月30日至11月1日从尼泊尔5个不同地区获得的。我们将24个基因组与10个先前测序的霍乱弧菌分离株进行了比较，其中包括3个来自海地疫情（2010年7月开始）。抗生素敏感性和PFGE模式与尼泊尔和海地分离株之间的流行病学联系一致。WGST显示，所有来自尼泊尔的24株霍乱弧菌分离株都属于一个单系群，该群还包含来自孟加拉国和海地的分离株。尼泊尔分离物分为四个密切相关的集群。一个簇包含三个尼泊尔分离株和三个海地分离株，它们几乎相同，只有1或2 bp的差异。这项研究的结果与尼泊尔是海地疫情的起源一致。这凸显了传染病通过国际旅行在全球传播的速度有多快，以及公共卫生官员如何需要先进的分子工具和标准的流行病学分析，以快速确定疫情的来源。沿着。霍乱是一种古老的典型疾病，特别容易在地震和飓风等重大自然灾害后造成大规模爆发，因为这些灾害破坏了污水和饮用水之间的正常分离。2010年海地地震后就是这种情况。有传言说，这种疾病是由一营担任联合国维和人员的尼泊尔士兵带到海地的。这种可能的联系从未得到证实。对细菌的基因组进行测序可以提供关于来自不同地点的分离物是否具有共同起源的详细信息。我们使用这项技术对尼泊尔霍乱弧菌分离株进行测序，鉴定单核苷酸多态性（SNP），并将这些高分辨率基因型与海地疫情分离株的完整基因组序列进行比较。我们提供支持的假设，分离株从尼泊尔带到海地。
Cholera continues to be an important cause of human infections, and outbreaks are often observed after natural disasters, such as the one following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. Once the cholera outbreak was confirmed, rumors spread that the disease was brought to Haiti by a battalion of Nepalese soldiers serving as United Nations peacekeepers. This possible connection has never been confirmed. We used whole-genome sequence typing (WGST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to characterize 24 recent Vibrio cholerae isolates from Nepal and evaluate the suggested epidemiological link with the Haitian outbreak. The isolates were obtained from 30 July to 1 November 2010 from five different districts in Nepal. We compared the 24 genomes to 10 previously sequenced V. cholerae isolates, including 3 from the Haitian outbreak (began July 2010). Antimicrobial susceptibility and PFGE patterns were consistent with an epidemiological link between the isolates from Nepal and Haiti. WGST showed that all 24 V. cholerae isolates from Nepal belonged to a single monophyletic group that also contained isolates from Bangladesh and Haiti. The Nepalese isolates were divided into four closely related clusters. One cluster contained three Nepalese isolates and three Haitian isolates that were almost identical, with only 1- or 2-bp differences. Results in this study are consistent with Nepal as the origin of the Haitian outbreak. This highlights how rapidly infectious diseases might be transmitted globally through international travel and how public health officials need advanced molecular tools along with standard epidemiological analyses to quickly determine the sources of outbreaks. Cholera is one of the ancient classical diseases and particularly prone to cause major outbreaks following major natural disasters, such as earthquakes and hurricanes, where the normal separation between sewage and drinking water is destroyed. This was the case following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti. Rumors spread that the disease was brought to Haiti by a battalion of Nepalese soldiers serving as United Nations peacekeepers. This possible connection has never been confirmed. Sequencing the genomes of bacteria can give detailed information on whether isolates from different sites share a common origin. We used this technology to sequence isolates of Vibrio cholerae from Nepal, identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and compare these high-resolution genotypes to the complete genome sequences of isolates from the Haiti outbreak. We provide support for the hypothesis that the isolates were brought to Haiti from Nepal.