Subgroup level differences of physiological activities in marine Lokiarchaeota.

Subgroup level differences of physiological activities in marine Lokiarchaeota.
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海洋古菌生理活性亚群水平差异

DOI:
10.1038/s41396-020-00818-5
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
The ISME journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Friedrich MW
Friedrich MW
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yin X;Cai M;Liu Y;Zhou G;Richter-Heitmann T;Aromokeye DA;Kulkarni AC;Nimzyk R;Cullhed H;Zhou Z;Pan J;Yang Y;Gu JD;Elvert M;Li M;Friedrich MW

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阿斯加德是最近发现的一个古生物超级门,与真核生物的出现密切相关。在Asgard古生菌中,Lokiarocota在海洋沉积物中含量丰富,但除了假丝酵母‘Prometheoarocum syntroicum’外,其原位活动很大程度上是未知的。在这里,我们通过对有机聚合物、13C标记的无机碳、发酵中间体和蛋白质的稳定同位素探测(SIP),跟踪了洛基考古塔在与赫尔戈兰泥质区沉积物(北海)孵育中的活性。在活跃的古菌中,我们检测到Lokiarocota类Loki-3的成员,它们似乎在吸收二氧化碳或异养使用的乳酸的同时,混合营养地参与木质素和腐殖酸的降解。相比之下,洛基考古塔分类Loki-2的成员利用蛋白质和无机碳,并降解在孵化过程中形成的细菌生物量。元基因组分析揭示了Loki-3降解乳酸的途径,并参与了芳香化合物的降解,而分布较少的Loki-2则依赖于蛋白质的降解。我们得出结论,尽管它们的基因组设备存在重叠,但洛基考古亚群在代谢能力上存在差异,并表明这些亚群在海洋沉积物中占据了不同的生态位。
Asgard is a recently discovered archaeal superphylum, closely linked to the emergence of eukaryotes. Among Asgard archaea, Lokiarchaeota are abundant in marine sediments, but their in situ activities are largely unknown except for Candidatus ‘Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum’. Here, we tracked the activity of Lokiarchaeota in incubations with Helgoland mud area sediments (North Sea) by stable isotope probing (SIP) with organic polymers, 13C-labelled inorganic carbon, fermentation intermediates and proteins. Within the active archaea, we detected members of the Lokiarchaeota class Loki-3, which appeared to mixotrophically participate in the degradation of lignin and humic acids while assimilating CO2, or heterotrophically used lactate. In contrast, members of the Lokiarchaeota class Loki-2 utilized protein and inorganic carbon, and degraded bacterial biomass formed in incubations. Metagenomic analysis revealed pathways for lactate degradation, and involvement in aromatic compound degradation in Loki-3, while the less globally distributed Loki-2 instead rely on protein degradation. We conclude that Lokiarchaeotal subgroups vary in their metabolic capabilities despite overlaps in their genomic equipment, and suggest that these subgroups occupy different ecologic niches in marine sediments.
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