Gravity analysis of trade for environmental goods focusing on bilateral tariff rates and regional integration
Gravity analysis of trade for environmental goods focusing on bilateral tariff rates and regional integration
复制标题
环境产品贸易引力分析，重点关注双边关税税率和区域一体化
DOI：
10.1007/s41685-020-00189-x
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Atsuko Matsumura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasui Kohei;Nakazono Yoshiyuki;Teranishi Yuki;Atsuko Matsumura
自2001年世界贸易组织多哈部长级宣言以来，环境商品贸易自由化的重要性已得到广泛承认。本文以亚太经合组织（APEC）的分类为基础，研究了10种用于可再生能源生产和环境监测的环境产品双边贸易的决定因素。本研究使用73个国家2013年至2016年4年的数据，严格评估关税削减和区域一体化对环境商品贸易的影响，为贸易和环境保护领域做出贡献。根据引力模型的3种分析结果，HS850300（可再生能源发电机组部件）、HS902610（空气质量测量仪器）和HS902620（压力测量仪器）3种商品的双边关税率具有显著影响。此外，研究结果还表明，区域一体化对欧盟的两种商品、亚太经合组织的四种商品以及东亚和东南亚的三种商品产生了强有力的影响。此外，通过考察具有区域贸易效应的商品的产业内贸易指数，发现主要发达国家和部分新兴国家的产业内贸易指数，无论是基于最终商品的产品差异化还是基于各区域内零部件的生产分散化，都倾向于较高。这些结果表明，通过政策决定和加强区域网络来降低更多环境商品的关税率，将加速被认为有利于环境保护的环境商品的贸易和扩散。
The importance of trade liberalization of environmental goods has been widely recognized since the 2001 Doha Ministerial Declaration of the World Trade Organization. This paper investigates the determinants of bilateral trade for ten environmental goods used in renewable energy production and monitoring environmental conditions, based on the classification of the Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). This study contributes to the fields of trade and environmental protection by rigorously assessing the effects of tariff reduction and regional integration on the trade of environmental goods, using data of 73 countries for 4 years from 2013 to 2016. The results of three types of analyses with the gravity model show robust effects of bilateral tariff rates on three goods, HS850300 (parts of renewable energy electricity generating sets), HS902610 (instruments for measuring air quality), and HS902620 (instruments for measuring pressure). Furthermore, the results show the robust effect of regional integration for the European Union on two goods, for the APEC on four goods, and for East and South-East Asia on three goods. In addition, by examining the intra-industry trade index of the goods having regional trade effect, it is found that the main developed countries and some emerging countries tend to have high indices based on either product differentiation of final goods or production fragmentation of parts and components within each region. These results suggest that reducing tariff rates on more environmental goods through policy decisions and strengthened regional networks will accelerate the trade and proliferation of environmental goods considered beneficial for environmental protection.