Nature-based solutions addressing the water-energy-food nexus: Review of theoretical concepts and urban case studies
Nature-based solutions addressing the water-energy-food nexus: Review of theoretical concepts and urban case studies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130652
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发表时间：
2022-01-29
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Exposito, Alfonso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carvalho, Pedro;Finger, David Christian;Exposito, Alfonso
预计世界人口的增加将增加对水、能源和粮食的需求，这是人类的三种重要资源。预计的气候变化影响将加剧水的供应以及洪水风险，特别是在城市地区。基于自然的解决方案因其多重效益而被确定为缓解水-能源-粮食关系预期紧张关系的关键概念。在本文中，作者概述了理论和概念，分析了现实生活中的案例研究，并讨论了NBS解决未来W-E-F关系的潜力。为此，我们进行了系统的文献回顾，NBS的理论，解决W-E-F关系，我们总结了19个代表性的现实生活中的案例研究，以确定目前的知识差距和挑战。本文采用定量和定性的研究方法，分析和讨论了国家统计局对W-E-F关系的直接和间接潜在效益。该研究进一步阐述了实施国家统计局面临的挑战，并强调了在循环和在城市规划中实施国家统计局方面日益增长的可能性。结果表明，NBS对WE-F关系的潜在影响已被确定，但尚未深入分析其定量影响。此外，指标大多是单一目的的，而不是多用途的，这是全面描述W-E-F关系和循环的必要条件。总体而言，需要采用系统思维，促进国家统计局的多功能设计。
An increasing world population is projected to increase water, energy and food requirements, three vital resources for humankind. Projected climate change impacts will aggravate water availability, as well as flood risks, especially in urban areas. Nature-based solutions (NBS) have been identified as key concepts to defuse the expected tensions within the Water-Energy-Food (W-E-F) nexus due to their multiple benefits. In this paper, the authors outlined the theories and concepts, analyzed real-life case studies, and discussed the potential of NBS to address the future W-E-F nexus. For this purpose, we performed a systematic literature review on the theories of NBS that address the W-E-F nexus, and we summarized 19 representative real-life case studies to identify the current knowledge gaps and challenges. The quantitative and qualitative data was used to differentiate and discuss the direct and indirect potential benefits of NBS to the W-E-F nexus. The study further expanded on the challenges for the implementation of NBS and highlighted the growing possibilities in the context of circularity and the implementation of NBS in urban planning. It was concluded that the potential impacts of NBS on the WE-F nexus have been identified, but the quantitative effects have not been analyzed in-depth. Moreover, indicators are mostly single-purpose and not multipurpose, as required to fully characterize the W-E-F nexus and circularity holistically. Overall, there is a need to adopt systemic thinking and promote the multipurpose design of NBS.