Criminalising the Other: challenging the race-gang nexus
Criminalising the Other: challenging the race-gang nexus
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将他人定为犯罪：挑战种族帮派关系
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
P. Williams
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文献类型：
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作者：
P. Williams
尽管犯罪学家、社会学家和政策制定者就“帮派”的存在价值展开了长期的争论，1英格兰和威尔士的刑事司法系统（CJS）却进一步渗透到边缘化和被排斥的年轻黑人的生活中，这些人被认为是“参与帮派”、“关注帮派”或与帮派“有关联”。本文借鉴了两个西北（英国）地方当局减少犯罪伙伴关系委托进行的研究，对刑事司法机构挪用和使用“帮派”一词的有问题的方式提供了独特的见解。调查结果表明，“帮派”标签使对黑人和社区的过度监管合法化，并成为黑人和少数族裔 (BAME) 社区内其他更严重的社会经济问题和解的阻碍。受《白人社会学，黑人斗争》一文的启发，本文关注的是帮派结构作为黑人“能指”的问题化影响和持久特征。更具争议性的是，它强调了犯罪学对年轻黑人男性异化的贡献，以表明年轻黑人男性在 CJS 中的代表性明显过高且受到差别待遇，这反映了与新兴的“不加批判”犯罪学体系中固有的“黑人民间恶魔”理念的连续性。
Whilst criminologists, sociologists and policy-makers fuel a perennial debate over the existential value of the ‘gang’,1 the Criminal Justice System (CJS) in England and Wales creeps further into the lives of marginalised and excluded young Black men who have been identified as ‘gang-involved’, a ‘gang-concern’ or ‘associated’ with a gang. Drawing on research commissioned by two North West (English) Local Authority Crime Reduction Partnerships, this article offers a unique insight into the problematic way that the term ‘gang’ is being appropriated and used by criminal justice agencies. The findings suggest that the ‘gang’ label legitimises the over-policing of Black people and communities and acts as an inhibitor to the reconciliation of other, more acute, socio-economic problems endured within Black and Minority Ethnic (BAME) communities. Inspired by the paper ‘White sociology, black struggle’,2 this article is concerned with the problematising effects and the enduring features of the gang construct as a ‘signifier’ for Black men. More contentiously, it highlights the contribution of criminology to the Othering of young Black men, to show that the contemporary position of young Black men as significantly overrepresented and differentially treated within the CJS reflects a continuity with the idea of the ‘Black folk devil’ inherent within a burgeoning body of ‘uncritical’ criminology.