Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment
Early adolescent outcomes for institutionally-deprived and non-deprived adoptees. I: Disinhibited attachment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01688.x
复制
发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rutter, Michael;Colvert, Emma;Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J. S.
背景去抑制依恋是机构养育的重要后果，但问题仍然存在，关于其测量，其持久性，与机构养育的关联的特异性，以及它是否构成一个有意义的障碍。法儿童最初在罗马尼亚的深刻剥夺机构，随后通过到英国家庭进行了比较，在11岁的调查结果与儿童谁没有经历过机构的剥夺，谁已经通过在英国6个月之前的年龄。措施包括父母的报告，一个奇怪的情况下，在家里使用的程序和系统的标准化调查儿童的行为评级修改。结果根据父母的报告，从6岁到11岁，解除抑制的依恋表现出高度的持久性，但随着时间的推移，其频率也会降低。调查员的评级验证了父母的报告，但表明，在很大程度上的下降率的抑制附件是一个功能的父母的措施是不太适合发展在11比它一直在6。解除抑制依恋与机构养育密切相关，但在6个月以上的年龄，机构剥夺的持续时间没有显着增加。轻度，但不显着，disinhibited附件是相当频繁的非制度化收养的儿童，但课程和相关因素表明，它的意义可能是完全不同的。在机构养育的儿童，解除抑制依恋与服务使用的显着增加，并与其他形式的精神病理学。结论：去抑制型依恋是一种有效的、具有障碍性的临床模式，与制度性教养密切相关。
Background. Disinhibited attachment is an important sequel of an institutional rearing, but questions remain regarding its measurement, its persistence, the specificity of the association with institutional rearing and on whether or not it constitutes a meaningful disorder. Method. Children initially reared in profoundly depriving institutions in Romania and subsequently adopted into UK families were compared with respect to findings at 11 years with children who had not experienced institutional deprivation and who had been adopted within the UK before the age of 6 months. Measures included parental reports, a Strange Situation procedure modified for use in the home and systematic standardised investigator ratings of the children's behaviour. Results. Disinhibited attachment, as reported by parents, showed a high degree of persistence from 6 to 11, but also a reduction over time in its frequency. Investigator ratings validated the parental reports but suggested that much of the fall in rate of disinhibited attachment was a function of the parental measure being less developmentally appropriate at 11 than it had been at 6. Disinhibited attachment was strongly associated with institutional rearing but there was not a significant increase in relation to duration of institutional deprivation beyond the age of 6 months. Mild, but not marked, disinhibited attachment was quite frequent in non-institutionalised adopted children but both the course and correlates indicated that its meaning was probably quite different. In the institution-reared children, disinhibited attachment was associated with a marked increase in service usage and associations with other forms of psychopathology. Conclusions: Disinhibited attachment constitutes a valid, and handicapping, clinical pattern that is strongly associated with an institutional rearing.