Global, Regional, and National Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Fruit Juices, and Milk: A Systematic Assessment of Beverage Intake in 187 Countries.
Global, Regional, and National Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Fruit Juices, and Milk: A Systematic Assessment of Beverage Intake in 187 Countries.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0124845
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE)
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh GM;Micha R;Khatibzadeh S;Shi P;Lim S;Andrews KG;Engell RE;Ezzati M;Mozaffarian D;Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE)
含糖饮料(SSB)、果汁和牛奶是与公众健康密切相关的饮食成分。迄今为止，由于按国家、年龄和性别分列的可比和可靠数据不足，对其全球分布和健康影响的评估一直受到限制。按年龄和性别量化2010年全球、地区和国家20岁以上成年人的SSB、果汁和牛奶摄入量水平。我们从193项具有全国或次国家代表性的饮食调查中确定、获得和评估了成年人按年龄和性别摄入这些饮料的数据，这些调查代表了世界一半以上的人口。我们还从联合国粮农组织收集的年度食物平衡信息中提取了187个国家的牛奶、果汁和SSB可获得性的相关数据。我们开发了一个分层贝叶斯模型来解释测量的不可比性、研究的代表性以及抽样和建模的不确定性，并结合和协调全国代表性的膳食调查数据和食物可获得性数据。2010年，全球平均摄入量为0.58(95%UI：0.37，0.89)8盎司SSB，0.16(0.10，0.26)果汁和0.57(0.39，0.83)牛奶。每种饮料的消费在地区和年龄上都有显著的异质性。加勒比地区的SSB摄入量最高(1.9份/天；1.2，3.0份)；澳大利亚和新西兰的果汁消费量最高(0.66份；0.35份，1.13份)；中美洲和欧洲部分地区的牛奶摄入量最高(1.06份；0.68份，1.59份)。东亚和大洋洲这三种饮料的摄入量都是最低的。在全球和地区范围内，SSB消费量在年轻人中最高；果汁消费量与年龄几乎没有关系；牛奶摄入量在老年人中最高。我们的分析突出了全球饮料摄入量的巨大范围，按国家、年龄和性别划分。这些数据对于突出饮食监测方面的差距，确定这些饮料对全球健康的影响，以及针对饮食政策具有重要价值。
Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fruit juice, and milk are components of diet of major public health interest. To-date, assessment of their global distributions and health impacts has been limited by insufficient comparable and reliable data by country, age, and sex. To quantify global, regional, and national levels of SSB, fruit juice, and milk intake by age and sex in adults over age 20 in 2010. We identified, obtained, and assessed data on intakes of these beverages in adults, by age and sex, from 193 nationally- or subnationally-representative diet surveys worldwide, representing over half the world’s population. We also extracted data relevant to milk, fruit juice, and SSB availability for 187 countries from annual food balance information collected by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. We developed a hierarchical Bayesian model to account for measurement incomparability, study representativeness, and sampling and modeling uncertainty, and to combine and harmonize nationally representative dietary survey data and food availability data. In 2010, global average intakes were 0.58 (95%UI: 0.37, 0.89) 8 oz servings/day for SSBs, 0.16 (0.10, 0.26) for fruit juice, and 0.57 (0.39, 0.83) for milk. There was significant heterogeneity in consumption of each beverage by region and age. Intakes of SSB were highest in the Caribbean (1.9 servings/day; 1.2, 3.0); fruit juice consumption was highest in Australia and New Zealand (0.66; 0.35, 1.13); and milk intake was highest in Central Latin America and parts of Europe (1.06; 0.68, 1.59). Intakes of all three beverages were lowest in East Asia and Oceania. Globally and within regions, SSB consumption was highest in younger adults; fruit juice consumption showed little relation with age; and milk intakes were highest in older adults. Our analysis highlights the enormous spectrum of beverage intakes worldwide, by country, age, and sex. These data are valuable for highlighting gaps in dietary surveillance, determining the impacts of these beverages on global health, and targeting dietary policy.