Cloud Forest Bird Responses to Unusually Severe Storm Damage 1
Cloud Forest Bird Responses to Unusually Severe Storm Damage 1
复制标题
云林鸟对异常严重风暴损害的反应 1
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
W. J. Sutherland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
César Tejeda;W. J. Sutherland
1998年，与飓风伊希斯有关的风暴在墨西哥恰帕斯的埃尔特里温福生物圈保护区的云雾林中造成了广泛的缺口，那里很少发生严重的风暴。我们研究了这种干扰如何影响鸟类的物种组成。物种丰富度和组成在干扰前和干扰后的森林之间以及新创建的间隙和飓风后保持森林的地块之间都是相似的。然而，干扰前和干扰后的地块之间的响应公会的差异大于干扰后的间隙的森林地块之间。食草、杂食和陆地物种在飓风前更为丰富，而食虫、中林和通才觅食者在飓风后更为丰富。此外，在干扰前的森林中，对干扰高度敏感的物种更丰富，而在干扰后，低敏感的物种更丰富。在干扰后的森林中，食虫物种在林隙中最丰富，陆地冠层觅食动物在林地中最丰富。永久开放的地区有显着较低的物种丰富度，但有低地通才和第二生长的物种不存在于云雾林。结果表明，物种组成的变化不仅限于新创建的林隙，但也影响到整个森林。干扰后高敏感性物种的减少支持了干扰对专业物种产生负面影响而对通才物种有利的假设。虽然有证据表明，自然群落往往会恢复到扰动前的状态，但如果在发生演替之前发生经常性飓风，则群落结构的变化可能会加剧。
In 1998, storms related to Hurricane Isis caused extensive gaps in the cloud forest of El Triunfo Biosphere Reserve in Chiapas, Mexico, where severe storms are infrequent. We examined how this disturbance affected bird species composition. Species richness and composition were similar both between pre‐ and post‐disturbance forest and between newly created gaps and plots that remained forested after the hurricane. However, differences in response guilds were greater between pre‐ and post‐disturbance plots than between forest plots with gaps after disturbance. Granivorous, omnivorous, and terrestrial species were more abundant before the hurricane, whereas insectivorous, midstory, and generalist foragers were more abundant after the hurricane. In addition, species with high sensitivity to disturbance were more abundant in the pre‐disturbance forest, while low sensitivity species were more abundant after disturbance. In the post‐disturbance forest, insectivorous species were most abundant in gaps and terrestrial‐canopy foragers were most abundant in forest plots. Permanently open areas had significantly lower species richness, but had lowland generalist and second‐growth species not present in the cloud forest. Results suggest that changes in species composition were not limited to the newly created gaps, but also affected the whole forest. The decline of high sensitivity species after disturbance supports the hypothesis that disturbance negatively affects specialists and benefits generalist species. Although there is evidence that natural communities tend to return to pre‐disturbance conditions, changes in community structure could be aggravated if recurrent hurricanes occur before succession takes place.