Assessment of micro-scale anaerobic digestion for management of urban organic waste: A case study in London, UK.
Assessment of micro-scale anaerobic digestion for management of urban organic waste: A case study in London, UK.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.036
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发表时间：
2017-03
期刊：
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
M. Walker;H. Theaker;R. Yaman;D. Poggio;William Nimmo;A. Bywater;G. Blanch;M. Pourkashanian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Walker;H. Theaker;R. Yaman;D. Poggio;William Nimmo;A. Bywater;G. Blanch;M. Pourkashanian
本文介绍了一个AD工厂，这是新颖的，因为它是位于城市环境中，建立在一个微型，饲料的食物和餐饮废物，并作为一个有目的的系统运行的分析。该工厂建于2013年，至今仍在运营，处理城市食物垃圾，并产生沼气供社区咖啡馆使用。2014年对该工厂进行了319天的监测，在此期间对工厂的运行参数、生物稳定性和能源需求进行了评估。在此期间，该工厂处理了4574公斤的食物垃圾，产生了1008立方米的沼气，平均甲烷含量为60.6%。结果表明，尽管进料速率和进料类型存在较大波动，但该装置能够稳定运行。该工厂的另一个创新方面是它配备了预消化池和自动进料，这减少了原料变化对消化过程的影响。在试验期接近尾声时，检测到处于休眠状态的挥发性脂肪酸和氨的浓度升高，表明生物不稳定性，通过添加微量元素成功地纠正了这一点。计算了该系统的能量平衡和性能系数（COP），结果表明，该系统在温室内使用的热能减少了49%，基于电能和热能的净正能量平衡和潜在COP分别为3.16和5.55。温室气体排放分析得出的结论是，该工厂对温室气体减排的最重要贡献是避免了现场化石燃料的使用，其次是从垃圾填埋场转移食物垃圾，该工厂可以减少2.95 kg CO2 eqkW h− 1电力生产或0.741 kg CO2 eqkg − 1废物处理的碳排放。
This paper describes the analysis of an AD plant that is novel in that it is located in an urban environment, built on a micro-scale, fed on food and catering waste, and operates as a purposeful system. The plant was built in 2013 and continues to operate to date, processing urban food waste and generating biogas for use in a community café. The plant was monitored for a period of 319 days during 2014, during which the operational parameters, biological stability and energy requirements of the plant were assessed. The plant processed 4574 kg of food waste during this time, producing 1008 m3of biogas at average 60.6% methane. The results showed that the plant was capable of stable operation despite large fluctuations in the rate and type of feed. Another innovative aspect of the plant was that it was equipped with a pre-digester tank and automated feeding, which reduced the effect of feedstock variations on the digestion process. Towards the end of the testing period, a rise in the concentration of volatile fatty acids and ammonia was detected in the digestate, indicating biological instability, and this was successfully remedied by adding trace elements. The energy balance and coefficient of performance (COP) of the system were calculated, which concluded that the system used 49% less heat energy by being housed in a greenhouse, achieved a net positive energy balance and potential COP of 3.16 and 5.55 based on electrical and heat energy, respectively. Greenhouse gas emissions analysis concluded that the most important contribution of the plant to the mitigation of greenhouse gases was the avoidance of on-site fossil fuel use, followed by the diversion of food waste from landfill and that the plant could result in carbon reduction of 2.95 kg CO2eqkW h−1electricity production or 0.741 kg CO2eqkg−1waste treated.