ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLING - PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS
ADAPTIVE NOISE CANCELLING - PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS
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DOI：
10.1109/proc.1975.10036
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发表时间：
1975-01-01
影响因子：
20.6
通讯作者：
GOODLIN, RC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WIDROW, B;GLOVER, JR;GOODLIN, RC
本文介绍了自适应噪声抵消的概念，一种估计被加性噪声或干扰破坏的信号的替代方法。该方法使用一个“主”输入包含损坏的信号和一个“参考”输入包含以某种未知的方式与主噪声相关的噪声。参考输入被自适应滤波并从主输入中减去以获得信号估计。减法之前的自适应滤波允许处理确定性或随机性、固定或时变的输入。维纳解描述了平稳随机输入（包括单个和多个参考输入）的渐近自适应性能和输出信噪比。这些解表明，当参考输入无信号且满足一定条件时，可以基本消除主输入中的噪声，而信号不失真。它进一步表明，在治疗周期性干扰的自适应噪声消除器作为一个陷波滤波器与窄带宽，无限零，并跟踪干扰的确切频率的能力，在这种情况下，消除器的行为作为一个线性的，时不变的系统，与自适应滤波器收敛在一个动态的，而不是静态的解决方案。给出的实验结果说明了自适应噪声抵消技术在各种实际应用中的有用性。这些应用包括心电图中各种形式的周期性干扰的消除，语音信号中周期性干扰的消除，以及天线阵列旁瓣中宽带干扰的消除。在进一步的实验中，它表明，正弦波和高斯噪声可以通过使用一个参考输入，这是一个延迟版本的主要输入分离。建议的应用包括消除磁带嗡嗡声或转盘隆隆声在播放记录的宽带信号和自动检测非常低的水平周期性信号掩盖了宽带噪声。
This paper describes the concept of adaptive noise cancelling, an alternative method of estimating signals corrupted by additive noise or interference. The method uses a "primary" input containing the corrupted signal and a "reference" input containing noise correlated in some unknown way with the primary noise. The reference input is adaptively filtered and subtracted from the primary input to obtain the signal estimate. Adaptive filtering before subtraction allows the treatment of inputs that are deterministic or stochastic, stationary or time variable. Wiener solutions are developed to describe asymptotic adaptive performance and output signal-to-noise ratio for stationary stochastic inputs, including single and multiple reference inputs. These solutions show that when the reference input is free of signal and certain other conditions are met noise in the primary input can be essentiany eliminated without signal distortion. It is further shown that in treating periodic interference the adaptive noise canceller acts as a notch filter with narrow bandwidth, infinite null, and the capability of tracking the exact frequency of the interference; in this case the canceller behaves as a linear, time-invariant system, with the adaptive filter converging on a dynamic rather than a static solution. Experimental results are presented that illustrate the usefulness of the adaptive noise cancelling technique in a variety of practical applications. These applications include the cancelling of various forms of periodic interference in electrocardiography, the cancelling of periodic interference in speech signals, and the cancelling of broad-band interference in the side-lobes of an antenna array. In further experiments it is shown that a sine wave and Gaussian noise can be separated by using a reference input that is a delayed version of the primary input. Suggested applications include the elimination of tape hum or turntable rumble during the playback of recorded broad-band signals and the automatic detection of very-low-level periodic signals masked by broad-band noise.