The Phylogenetic Intrarelationships of Spiny-Rayed Fishes (Acanthomorpha, Teleostei, Actinopterygii): Fossil Taxa Increase the Congruence of Morphology with Molecular Data
The Phylogenetic Intrarelationships of Spiny-Rayed Fishes (Acanthomorpha, Teleostei, Actinopterygii): Fossil Taxa Increase the Congruence of Morphology with Molecular Data
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DOI：
10.3389/fevo.2016.00129
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Otero, Olga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Davesne, Donald;Gallut, Cyril;Otero, Olga
acanthomorpha（刺刺鱼）是一群硬骨，其中包括超过15,000种现存的物种。他们的深层系统发育内部关系首先使用形态特征重建，已通过分子数据进行了广泛的修订。此外，acanthomorph树的深部树枝在很大程度上尚未解决，研究之间存在强烈的分歧。在这里，我们回顾了有关acanthomorph深层内部关系的历史命题，并尝试使用新的形态学数据矩阵编译和修改先前研究的字符来解决其最早的分支模式。我们使用的分类单元采样构成了仅使用形态学数据检验所有先前的假设（分子和形态学）的首次尝试。我们的抽样还包括晚白垩统化石类群，其中产生了现有类群中缺少的新角色状态组合。对完整形态数据矩阵的分析产生了一种新的拓扑，该拓扑表现出与良好支持的分子结果的显着一致性。 Lampridsiformes（Oarfishes and Allies）是所有其他acanthomorphs的姐妹。 gadiformes（鳕鱼和盟友）和Zeiformes（Dories）形成了带有percopsiformes（鳟鱼渗透）的GLADE，以及神秘的polymixia（Beardfish）和Stylephorus（Tube-eye）。 Ophidiiformes（黄昏和盟友）和Batrachoidiformes（蟾蜍）嵌套在Percomorpha中，Percomorpha是包括大部分现代acanthomorph多样性的GLADE。这些结果提供了形态的突触形态和对进化枝的独立佐证，以前仅从分子数据中恢复过来，从而表明出现了acanthomorph深层内部关系的一致图像。化石分类单元在实现这一一致性方面起着至关重要的作用，因为当它们被排除在分析之外时发现了截然不同的拓扑。
Acanthomorpha (spiny-rayed fishes) is a Glade of teleosts that includes more than 15, 000 extant species. Their deep phylogenetic intrarelationships, first reconstructed using morphological characters, have been extensively revised with molecular data. Moreover, the deep branches of the acanthomorph tree are still largely unresolved, with strong disagreement between studies. Here, we review the historical propositions for acanthomorph deep intrarelationships and attempt to resolve their earliest branching patterns using a new morphological data matrix compiling and revising characters from previous studies. The taxon sampling we use constitutes a first attempt to test all previous hypotheses (molecular and morphological alike) with morphological data only. Our sampling also includes Late Cretaceous fossil taxa, which yield new character state combinations that are absent in extant taxa. Analysis of the complete morphological data matrix yields a new topology that shows remarkable congruence with the well-supported molecular results. Lampridiformes (oarfishes and allies) are the sister to all other acanthomorphs. Gadiformes (cods and allies) and Zeiformes (dories) form a Glade with Percopsiformes (trout-perches) and the enigmatic Polymixia (beardfish) and Stylephorus (tube-eye). Ophidiiformes (dusk-eels and allies) and Batrachoidiformes (toadfishes) are nested within Percomorpha, the Glade that includes most of modern acanthomorph diversity. These results provide morphological synapomorphies and independent corroboration of clades previously only recovered from molecular data, thereby suggesting the emergence of a congruent picture of acanthomorph deep intrarelationships. Fossil taxa play a critical role in achieving this congruence, since a very different topology is found when they are excluded from the analysis.