Children's mode choice for the school trip: the role of distance and school location in walking to school
Children's mode choice for the school trip: the role of distance and school location in walking to school
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DOI：
10.1007/s11116-007-9135-7
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
McDonald, Noreen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDonald, Noreen C.
在过去的30年里，美国儿童肥胖率不断上升，步行上学的儿童比例下降了75%，这使得人们开始关注学校旅行。本文利用美国交通部2001年全国家庭旅行调查数据，分析了影响中小学生交通方式选择的因素。分析表明，步行出行时间是影响步行上学决策的最具政策相关性的因素，估计直接弹性为-0.75。如果政策制定者希望提高步行率，这些发现表明，目前的政策，如安全路线上学，不影响学校和住宅的空间分布将不足以改变出行行为。论文的最后一部分使用模式选择模型来测试土地使用策略社区学校可能会影响步行上学。结果表明，社区学校有可能提高步行率，但需要从目前的土地使用，学校和交通规划实践的大的变化。
Rising levels of childhood obesity in the United States and a 75% decline in the proportion of children walking to school in the past 30 years have focused attention on school travel. This paper uses data from the US Department of Transportation's 2001 National Household Travel Survey to analyze the factors affecting mode choice for elementary and middle school children. The analysis shows that walk travel time is the most policy-relevant factor affecting the decision to walk to school with an estimated direct elasticity of -0.75. If policymakers want to increase walking rates, these findings suggest that current policies, such as Safe Routes to School, which do not affect the spatial distribution of schools and residences will not be enough to change travel behavior. The final part of the paper uses the mode choice model to test how a land use strategy-community schools-might affect walking to school. The results show that community schools have the potential to increase walking rates but would require large changes from current land use, school, and transportation planning practices.