The receptive-expressive gap in the vocabulary of young second-language learners: Robustness and possible mechanisms.
The receptive-expressive gap in the vocabulary of young second-language learners: Robustness and possible mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1017/s1366728910000490
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ethington CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gibson TA;Oller DK;Jarmulowicz L;Ethington CA
学习第二语言的成人和儿童在使用第一语言（L1）中容易接受的表达性词汇时表现出困难。我们称这种差异为感受-表达间隙。幼儿园西班牙语（L1）-英语（L2）连续双语者接受和表达的词汇在西班牙语和英语的标准化测试。我们发现一个小的接受表达的差距在英语，但一个大的接受表达的差距在西班牙语。我们根据人口统计学变量将儿童分为高水平或低水平的英语暴露，并发现接受-表达差距在两种英语暴露水平上都存在。回归分析显示，预测接受性和表达性词汇得分的变量未能预测接受性与表达性的差距。结果表明，发病的感受性表达差距在L1必须是突然的。我们讨论了这种现象背后的可能机制。
Adults and children learning a second language show difficulty accessing expressive vocabulary that appears accessible receptively in their first language (L1). We call this discrepancy the receptive-expressive gap. Kindergarten Spanish (L1) - English (L2) sequential bilinguals were given standardized tests of receptive and expressive vocabulary in both Spanish and English. We found a small receptive-expressive gap in English but a large receptive-expressive gap in Spanish. We categorized children as having had high or low levels of English exposure based on demographic variables and found that the receptive-expressive gap persisted across both levels of English exposure. Regression analyses revealed that variables predicting both receptive and expressive vocabulary scores failed to predict the receptive-expressive gap. The results suggest that the onset of the receptive-expressive gap in L1 must have been abrupt. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying the phenomenon.