Physiological and biochemical responses to caffeine and microplastics in Mytilus galloprovincialis
Physiological and biochemical responses to caffeine and microplastics in Mytilus galloprovincialis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164075
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发表时间：
2023-05-29
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Faggio，C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Impellitteri，F.;Yunko，K.;Faggio，C.
咖啡因（Caff）是人类饮食中使用最广泛的物质之一，也是公认的药物。它进入地表沃茨的情况非常显著，但对水生生物的生物影响尚不清楚，特别是与微塑料（MP）等疑似调节活性的污染物结合时。本研究的目的是揭示暴露14天后，咖啡因（20.0 μg L−1）与MP 1 mg L−1（大小35-50 μm）的环境相关组合（混合物）对海洋贻贝Mytilus galloprovincialis（Lamark，1819）的影响。未处理组和分别暴露于Caff和MP组也进行了检查。测定血细胞和消化细胞的细胞活力和细胞体积调节功能，以及消化腺的氧化应激指标、谷胱甘肽（GSH/GSSG）和金属硫蛋白（MT）水平和caspase-3活性。MP和Mix降低了Mn-超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶的活性和脂质过氧化水平，但提高了消化腺细胞活力、GSH/GSSG比值（提高了1.4-1.5倍）、金属硫蛋白水平及其锌含量，而Caff不影响氧化应激指标和金属硫蛋白相关的锌螯合作用。蛋白质羰基不是所有暴露的目标。Caff组的显著特征是半胱天冬酶-3活性下降（2倍）和低细胞活力。Mix的多重胁迫效应表现为消化细胞体积调节功能的恶化，生化指标的判别分析证实了Mix的多重胁迫效应。M. galloprovincialisas作为一种哨兵生物，使其成为一种极好的生物指示剂，反映了亚慢性接触潜在有害物质的多重压力效应。在综合接触中对个别影响的调节的确定增加了将监测方案建立在亚慢性接触中多重压力影响研究基础上的必要性。
Caffeine (Caff) is one of the most widely used substances in the human diet and a well-recognized drug. Its input into surface waters is remarkable, but biological effects on aquatic organisms are unclear, particularly in combination with pollutants of suspected modulatory activity, like microplastics (MP). The aim of this study was to reveal the impact on the marine musselMytilus galloprovincialis(Lamark, 1819) of Caff (20.0 μg L−1) in the environmentally relevant combination (Mix) with MP 1 mg L−1(size 35–50 μm) after the exposure for 14 days. Untreated and exposed to Caff and MP separately groups were also examined. Cell viability and cell volume regulation in hemocytes and digestive cells, as well as the indexes of oxidative stress, glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and metallothioneins levels, and caspase-3 activity in digestive gland were assessed. MP and Mix reduced Mn-superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathioneS-transferase activities and level of lipid peroxidation, but increased the digestive gland cell viability, GSH/GSSG ratio (by 1.4–1.5-fold), metallothioneins level and their Zn content, while Caff did not affect oxidative stress indexes and metallothionein-related Zn chelation. Protein carbonyls were not targeted in all exposures. The distinguishing feature of the Caff group was the decline (2-fold) in caspase-3 activity and low cell viability. The multi-stress effect of Mix was shown by the worsening of the volume regulation of digestive cells and confirmed by discriminant analysis of biochemical indexes. The special capabilities ofM. galloprovincialisas a sentinel organism make it an excellent bio-indicator reflecting the multi-stress effects in sub-chronic exposures to potentially harmful substances. The identification of the modulation of individual effects in combined exposure increases the need to base monitoring programs on studies of multi-stress effects in sub-chronic exposures.