Cognitive control network anatomy correlates with neurocognitive behavior: A longitudinal study.
Cognitive control network anatomy correlates with neurocognitive behavior: A longitudinal study.
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DOI：
10.1002/hbm.23401
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Korgaonkar MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Breukelaar IA;Antees C;Grieve SM;Foster SL;Gomes L;Williams LM;Korgaonkar MS
认知控制是一种运用执行功能（如注意力、计划或工作记忆）来指导适当行为以实现特定目标的过程。功能磁共振成像研究表明，一个上位的认知控制网络，包括背侧区的外侧前额叶皮层（DLPFC），前扣带皮层（dACC）和顶叶皮层（DPC）。在整个神经发育过程中，灰质结构如何在这个网络中发生变化，以及这些变化如何影响认知控制，目前还没有完全了解。在这里，我们调查的认知控制网络的关键节点的灰质体积的变化，使用结构MRI扫描从176名参与者，年龄在8-38岁。其中111例还完成了2年的纵向随访。我们将这些与在这两个时间点测量的认知电池上的表现进行比较。我们发现，认知控制网络的体积减少与执行功能（左侧DLPFC和双侧DPC），信息处理（双侧dACC和右侧DPC）和情绪识别任务（左侧DLPFC）的性能改善相关。这些结果在控制年龄后是显著的。此外，灰质的变化在整个网络中是协调的。这些发现意味着认知控制网络中与年龄无关的突触修剪可能在提高认知领域的表现方面发挥作用。这项研究深入了解了神经发育过程中结构变化对该网络内行为的直接影响，并为更好地了解大脑疾病中认知功能障碍的发展提供了规范性证据基础。《脑地图》38：631-643，2017年。© 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping由Wiley Periodicals，Inc.出版
Cognitive control is the process of employing executive functions, such as attention, planning or working memory, to guide appropriate behaviors in order to achieve a specific goal. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest a superordinate cognitive control network, comprising the dorsal regions of the lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and parietal cortex (DPC). How gray matter structure changes across this network throughout neurodevelopment and how these changes impact cognitive control are not yet fully understood. Here we investigate changes in gray matter volume of the key nodes of the cognitive control network using structural MRI scans from 176 participants aged 8–38 years. One hundred and eleven of these also completed a longitudinal follow‐up at two years. We compare these with performance on a cognitive battery also measured at these two time points. We found that volume decreases in the cognitive control network were associated with improved performance in executive function (in left DLPFC and bilateral DPC), information processing (in bilateral dACC and right DPC) and emotion identification tasks (left DLPFC). These results were significant after controlling for age. Furthermore, gray matter changes were coordinated across the network. These findings imply age‐independent synaptic pruning in the cognitive control network may have a role in improving performance in cognitive domains. This study provides insight into the direct impact of structural changes on behavior within this network during neurodevelopment and provides a normative evidence base to better understand development of cognitive dysfunction in brain disorders. Hum Brain Mapp 38:631–643, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.