Visual response properties of neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of awake mouse.
Visual response properties of neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of awake mouse.
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DOI：
10.1113/jp276964
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发表时间：
2018-12
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Solomon SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
De Franceschi G;Solomon SG
在啮齿类动物，包括小鼠，上级丘是视网膜的主要目标，但其视觉反应没有得到很好的表征。在本研究中，对清醒的头部受限小鼠进行了上级丘浅层单个神经细胞的细胞外记录，并测量了它们对视觉刺激的反应。结果发现，这些神经元表现出轻快，高度敏感和短潜伏期的视觉反应，黑色比白色刺激的偏好，以及对移动模式的多种反应。至少有五个大类可以通过单元之间功能特性的变化来定义。本研究的结果表明，眼球运动对清醒动物的视觉反应具有可测量的影响，并显示了如何在分析中减轻这些影响。小鼠是健康和疾病中视觉功能越来越重要的动物模型。在小鼠中，大多数视网膜信号通过中脑上级丘的浅层传递，并且已经确定小鼠的许多视觉行为依赖于上级丘的活动。然而，小鼠上级丘中视觉信号的功能组织在清醒动物中并没有很好地建立。因此，我们从清醒小鼠的上级丘的浅层进行细胞外记录，而动物正在观看视觉刺激，包括闪光点和漂移光栅。我们发现清醒状态下小鼠上级丘浅层神经元一般表现出潜伏期短、反应活跃的特点。感受野通常是“开-关”的，偏好黑色刺激，并且对光栅和其他形式的亮度调制的响应是弱非线性的。对漂移光栅的布居响应是高度对比敏感的，对0.3周期度-1以上的空间频率和15 Hz以上的时间频率具有鲁棒的响应。感受野也经常是速度调谐或方向选择性的。跨多个刺激维度的响应分析揭示了至少五个功能不同的单元组。我们还发现，眼球运动会影响清醒动物的感受野特性的测量，并显示如何在分析中减轻这些。在氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉的动物中获得了类似的反应，尽管清醒动物的感受野具有更高的对比敏感度，更短的视觉潜伏期和对高时间频率的更强反应。在啮齿类动物，包括小鼠，上级丘是视网膜的主要目标，但其视觉反应没有得到很好的表征。在本研究中，对清醒的头部受限小鼠进行了上级丘浅层单个神经细胞的细胞外记录，并测量了它们对视觉刺激的反应。结果发现，这些神经元表现出轻快，高度敏感和短潜伏期的视觉反应，黑色比白色刺激的偏好，以及对移动模式的多种反应。至少有五个大类可以通过单元之间功能特性的变化来定义。本研究的结果表明，眼球运动对清醒动物的视觉反应具有可测量的影响，并显示了如何在分析中减轻这些影响。
In rodents, including mice, the superior colliculus is the major target of the retina, but its visual response is not well characterized. In the present study, extracellular recordings from single nerve cells in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus were made in awake, head‐restrained mice, and their responses to visual stimuli were measured. It was found that these neurons show brisk, highly sensitive and short latency visual responses, a preference for black over white stimuli, and diverse responses to moving patterns. At least five broad classes can be defined by variation in functional properties among units. The results of the present study demonstrate that eye movements have a measurable impact on visual responses in awake animals and show how they may be mitigated in analyses. The mouse is an increasingly important animal model of visual function in health and disease. In mice, most retinal signals are routed through the superficial layers of the midbrain superior colliculus, and it is well established that much of the visual behaviour of mice relies on activity in the superior colliculus. The functional organization of visual signals in the mouse superior colliculus is, however, not well established in awake animals. We therefore made extracellular recordings from the superficial layers of the superior colliculus in awake mice, while the animals were viewing visual stimuli including flashed spots and drifting gratings. We find that neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus of awake mouse generally show short latency, brisk responses. Receptive fields are usually ‘ON–OFF’ with a preference for black stimuli, and are weakly non‐linear in response to gratings and other forms of luminance modulation. Population responses to drifting gratings are highly contrast sensitive, with a robust response to spatial frequencies above 0.3 cycles degree−1 and temporal frequencies above 15 Hz. The receptive fields are also often speed‐tuned or direction‐selective. Analysis of the response across multiple stimulus dimensions reveals at least five functionally distinct groups of units. We also find that eye movements affect measurements of receptive field properties in awake animals, and show how these may be mitigated in analyses. Qualitatively similar responses were obtained in urethane‐anaesthetized animals, although receptive fields in awake animals had higher contrast sensitivity, shorter visual latency and a stronger response to high temporal frequencies. In rodents, including mice, the superior colliculus is the major target of the retina, but its visual response is not well characterized. In the present study, extracellular recordings from single nerve cells in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus were made in awake, head‐restrained mice, and their responses to visual stimuli were measured. It was found that these neurons show brisk, highly sensitive and short latency visual responses, a preference for black over white stimuli, and diverse responses to moving patterns. At least five broad classes can be defined by variation in functional properties among units. The results of the present study demonstrate that eye movements have a measurable impact on visual responses in awake animals and show how they may be mitigated in analyses.