Nature provides valuable sanitation services

Nature provides valuable sanitation services
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大自然提供了宝贵的卫生服务

DOI:
10.1016/j.oneear.2021.01.003
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
16.2
通讯作者:
Willcock S
Willcock S
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Willcock S

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许多以前的研究表明,安全处置人类排泄物对人类福祉有积极影响,同时防止生态系统退化。然而,到目前为止,生态系统本身在处理人类排泄物方面发挥的作用在很大程度上被忽视了。我们概念化了自然在处理人类排泄物中扮演的角色--充当管道和/或处理厂。我们估计,大自然每年在全球处理约4,170万吨人类排泄物,这项服务每年至少价值44±30亿美元−1。我们以全球48个城市为例,展示了量化这些“卫生生态系统服务”的机遇和挑战。通过强调这一点,我们并不是在边缘化工程基础设施的关键作用,而是在促进对工程基础设施和自然基础设施如何在循环经济中相互作用的更好理解。这是进一步研究的一条很有希望的途径,可以实现适应性设计和管理,降低成本,提高有效性和可持续性。
Much previous research shows that safe disposal of human waste has a positive impact on human wellbeing, while preventing the degradation of ecosystems. However, to date, the role that ecosystems themselves play in treating human waste has been largely neglected. We conceptualize the role nature plays in treating human waste—acting as a pipeline and/or treatment plant. We estimate that nature is treating ~41.7 million tons of human waste per year worldwide, a service worth at least 4.4 ± 3.0 billion USD year−1. We demonstrate the opportunities and challenges of quantifying these "sanitation ecosystem services," using 48 cities across the globe as a worked example. In highlighting this, we are not marginalizing the vital role of engineered infrastructure, but instead are promoting better understanding of how engineered and natural infrastructure interact within a circular economy. This is a promising route for further research and may allow adaptive design and management, reducing costs, and improving effectiveness and sustainability.
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