Amino-acids, Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Murchison Meteorite
Amino-acids, Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Murchison Meteorite
复制标题
默奇森陨石中的氨基酸、脂肪族和芳香族碳氢化合物
作者：
J. Oró;J. Gibert;H. Lichtenstein;S. Wikstrom;D. Flory
两个最近下降的碳质方解石提供的有机分析结果显着不同，与其他碳质方解石1 -3。阿连德陨石是一种III型碳质球粒陨石，含有0.27%的碳和0.007%的氮4，结果显示只有微量的可提取有机化合物5。少量的脂肪族和芳香族碳氢化合物通过加热释放，而没有检测到大量的含氮化合物6 -8。这与碳质球粒陨石中极低的氮含量是一致的。该陨石的另一个独特之处是某些含碳包裹体的不均匀分布9。Murchison陨石是一种III型碳质球粒陨石，含有大量的氨基酸，主要是环状脂肪烃10，这与该陨石的碳和氮含量（分别为2%和0.16%）相一致。氨基酸包括非蛋白质组分，例如肌氨酸和2-甲基丙氨酸，以及显著地，蛋白质氨基酸的D和L对映异构体的近似外消旋混合物，例如丙氨酸、缬氨酸和脯氨酸10。
Two recently fallen carbonaceous chondrites have provided organic analytical results significantly different from those obtained with other carbonaceous chondrites1–3. The Allende meteorite, a type III carbonaceous chondrite which contains 0.27% carbon and 0.007% nitrogen4, was shown to have only traces of extractable organic compounds5. Small amounts of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons were released by heating while no significant amounts of nitrogen containing compounds were detected6–8. This is consistent with the extremely low nitrogen content of this carbonaceous chondrite. Another unique feature of this meteorite is the heterogenous distribution of certain carbon-containing inclusions9. The Murchison meteorite, a type III carbonaceous chondrite, contains substantial amounts of amino-acids, predominantly cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons10, which are consistent with the appreciable content of carbon and nitrogen of this meteorite (2 and 0.16% respectively). The amino-acids include non-protein components such as sarcosine and 2-methylalanine and, significantly, approximately racemic mixtures of D and L enantiomers of protein amino-acids such as alanine, valine and proline10.