Widespread distribution of encapsulin nanocompartments reveals functional diversity
Widespread distribution of encapsulin nanocompartments reveals functional diversity
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DOI：
10.1038/nmicrobiol.2017.29
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
28.3
通讯作者：
Silver, Pamela A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giessen, Tobias W.;Silver, Pamela A.
细胞通过膜结合或蛋白质结合的细胞器来组织和调节其新陈代谢。通过这种方式，不相容的过程可以在空间上被分离和控制。在原核生物中，基于蛋白质的区室被用于隔离有害反应并储存有用的化合物。这些蛋白质区室在从铁稳态到碳固定等各种代谢和生态过程中都起着关键作用。最新类型的蛋白质细胞器之一是细菌微区室纳米隔室。它们能够包裹特定的蛋白质货物，并被认为参与与氧化还原相关的过程。我们在细菌和古菌基因组中鉴定出了900多个假定的细菌微区室系统。细菌微区室可以在15个细菌门和2个古菌门中被发现。我们的分析揭示了一种新的衣壳类型以及9种先前未知的靶向细菌微区室内部的货物蛋白质。我们对3个新鉴定的细菌微区室系统进行了实验表征，并阐明了它们可能参与铁矿化、抗氧化和抗亚硝化应激以及厌氧氨氧化（一种导致海洋中30%的氮流失的过程）。
Cells organize and regulate their metabolism via membrane- or protein-bound organelles. In this way, incompatible processes can be spatially separated and controlled. In prokaryotes, protein-based compartments are used to sequester harmful reactions and store useful compounds. These protein compartments play key roles in various metabolic and ecological processes, ranging from iron homeostasis to carbon fixation. One of the newest types of protein organelle are encapsulin nanocompartments. They are able to encapsulate specific protein cargo and are proposed to be involved in redox-related processes. We identified more than 900 putative encapsulin systems in bacterial and archaeal genomes. Encapsulins can be found in fifteen bacterial and two archaeal phyla. Our analysis reveals one new capsid type and nine previously unknown cargo proteins targeted to the interior of encapsulins. We experimentally characterize three newly identified encapsulin systems and illustrate their probable involvement in iron mineralization, oxidative and nitrosative stress resistance and anaerobic ammonium oxidation, a process responsible for 30% of the nitrogen lost from the oceans.