Deciphering the Diversities of Astroviruses and Noroviruses in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents by a High-Throughput Sequencing Method
Deciphering the Diversities of Astroviruses and Noroviruses in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents by a High-Throughput Sequencing Method
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.02076-15
复制
发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Wurtzer, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prevost, B.;Lucas, F. S.;Wurtzer, S.
虽然临床流行病学将人类肠道病毒列为人类急性胃肠炎的主要原因之一，但对其在环境中的传播仍缺乏调查。这些病毒由人类排泄到下水道中，并可能通过废水处理厂（WWTP）的流出物释放到河流中。为了评估巴黎，法国，城市地区，其中包括约900万居民（约15%的法国人口）的污水处理厂污水中的病毒多样性和负载，星状病毒和诺如病毒的季节性发生在100个污水处理厂污水样品进行了调查超过1年。这些测量与高通量测序方法的结合允许对人类星状病毒多样性的具体估计（人星状病毒基因型1 [HAstV-1]、HAstV-2、HAstV-5和HAstV-6）、基因组I的诺如病毒（NoV）的7种基因型（NoV GI.1至NoV GI.6和NoV GI.8）和基因组II的16种NoV基因型（NoV GII.1至NoV GII.7、NoV GII.9、NoV GII.12至NoV GII.17、NoV GII.20和NoV GII.21）。通过分析在法国各地获得的临床数据发现的病毒多样性的污水处理厂流出物中的病毒多样性的比较强调了所确定的基因型之间的一致性。然而，一些基因型局部存在于流出物中，在临床数据分析中未发现。这些发现可能强调了对人群中肠道病毒多样性的低估。因此，分析污水处理厂流出物可以允许探索病毒的多样性，不仅在环境沃茨，但也在人口连接到污水网络，以更好地理解病毒流行病学和预测季节性爆发。
Although clinical epidemiology lists human enteric viruses to be among the primary causes of acute gastroenteritis in the human population, their circulation in the environment remains poorly investigated. These viruses are excreted by the human population into sewers and may be released into rivers through the effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In order to evaluate the viral diversity and loads in WWTP effluents of the Paris, France, urban area, which includes about 9 million inhabitants (approximately 15% of the French population), the seasonal occurrence of astroviruses and noroviruses in 100 WWTP effluent samples was investigated over 1 year. The coupling of these measurements with a high-throughput sequencing approach allowed the specific estimation of the diversity of human astroviruses (human astrovirus genotype 1 [HAstV-1], HAstV-2, HAstV-5, and HAstV-6), 7 genotypes of noroviruses (NoVs) of genogroup I (NoV GI.1 to NoV GI.6 and NoV GI.8), and 16 genotypes of NoVs of genogroup II (NoV GII.1 to NoV GII.7, NoV GII.9, NoV GII.12 to NoV GII.17, NoV GII.20, and NoV GII.21) in effluent samples. Comparison of the viral diversity in WWTP effluents to the viral diversity found by analysis of clinical data obtained throughout France underlined the consistency between the identified genotypes. However, some genotypes were locally present in effluents and were not found in the analysis of the clinical data. These findings could highlight an underestimation of the diversity of enteric viruses circulating in the human population. Consequently, analysis of WWTP effluents could allow the exploration of viral diversity not only in environmental waters but also in a human population linked to a sewerage network in order to better comprehend viral epidemiology and to forecast seasonal outbreaks.