Osmotic stress affects physiological responses and growth characteristics of three pistachio cultivars
Osmotic stress affects physiological responses and growth characteristics of three pistachio cultivars
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DOI：
10.1007/s11738-015-1876-x
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Van Damme, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esmaeilpour, Ali;Van Labeke, Marie-Christine;Van Damme, Patrick
阿月浑子（Pistacia vera L.）对干旱和土壤盐碱有很高的耐受性。虽然阿月浑子成年树具有较强的耐旱性，但有关阿月浑子品种对干旱的生理适应性研究还很有限。因此，三个阿月浑子品种，即，对Akbari、Kaleghochi和Ohadi进行三种渗透干旱胁迫处理：对照（-0.1MPa）、中度（-0.75MPa）和重度干旱（-1.5MPa）胁迫，使用PEG 6000持续14天。所有干旱胁迫处理均降低了叶片净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（gs）、胞间CO2浓度（Ci）和蒸腾速率（E），但Ohadi的光合能力优于Akbari和Kaleghochi。PSII光化学最大量子产额（Fv/Fm）、有效量子产额（UPSII）和光化学猝灭（qP）均降低。叶绿素荧光参数表明，阿克巴里更容易受到干旱胁迫。干旱胁迫水平降低了叶绿素含量、鲜重、茎伸长、叶片含氮量（N）、叶水势，提高了水分利用效率（WUE）。脯氨酸增加强烈干旱胁迫下阿克巴里。在2周的应激后，施加2周的恢复。这一时期是不足以完全恢复所施加的压力对所研究的品种的负面影响。基于光合作用的降低和脯氨酸含量的增加，Akbari似乎对干旱胁迫更敏感。
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) has a high tolerance to drought and soil salinity. Although adult pistachio trees are well known to be drought tolerant, the studies on physiological adaptation of pistachio cultivars to drought are limited. Therefore, three pistachio cultivars, i.e., Akbari, Kaleghochi, and Ohadi were subjected to three osmotic drought stress treatments: control (-0.1 MPa), moderate (-0.75 MPa) and severe drought (-1.5 MPa) stress using PEG 6000 for a 14-day period. All drought stress treatments decreased net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E), but Ohadi maintained better its photosynthetic capacity compared to Akbari and Kaleghochi. Maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), effective PSII quantum yield (UPSII) and photochemical quenching (qP) were also reduced. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated that Akbari was more susceptible to the applied drought stress. Drought stress levels decreased chlorophyll pigments, fresh weight, stem elongation, leaf nitrogen content (N), leaf water potential and increased water use efficiency (WUE). Proline increased strongly under drought stress for Akbari. After 2 weeks of stress a recovery of 2 weeks was applied. This period was insufficient to fully restore the negative effects of the applied stress on the studied cultivars. Based on the reduction of photosynthesis and the increase of the proline content Akbari seems more sensitive to the applied drought stress.