A 1024-Channel CMOS Microelectrode Array With 26,400 Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation of Electrogenic Cells In Vitro.
A 1024-Channel CMOS Microelectrode Array With 26,400 Electrodes for Recording and Stimulation of Electrogenic Cells In Vitro.
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DOI：
10.1109/jssc.2014.2359219
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发表时间：
2014-11
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hierlemann A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ballini M;Müller J;Livi P;Chen Y;Frey U;Stettler A;Shadmani A;Viswam V;Jones IL;Jäckel D;Radivojevic M;Lewandowska MK;Gong W;Fiscella M;Bakkum DJ;Heer F;Hierlemann A
为了促进我们对神经元集合的功能的理解，需要能够以高时空分辨率和良好的信噪比从大量单个神经元同时记录的系统。此外，刺激能力对于研究可塑性和学习过程是非常必要的。在这里，我们提出了一个单芯片上的微电极阵列(MEA)系统，用于体外记录和刺激。该系统包括26,400个铂电极，通过内部后处理，在一个大的传感区域(3.85×2.10mm2)上，具有亚细胞空间分辨率(间距为17.5μm)。由于实现了面积和功率高效，我们能够在芯片上集成1024个读出通道，以记录来自用户指定的电极选择的细胞外信号。这些通道在动作电位频段(300赫兹-10μ)的噪声值为2.4μVrms，在局部场电势频段(1赫兹-300赫兹)的噪声值为5.4 Krms，并提供可编程的增益(高达78分贝)以适应各种生物制剂。放大和滤波后的信号由10位并行单斜率ADC以20kSamples/S的速度数字化。该系统还包括32个刺激单元，可以通过电流或电压脉冲产生神经尖峰。该芯片的总功耗仅为75 mW，即使是敏感的细胞培养也不需要主动冷却。
To advance our understanding of the functioning of neuronal ensembles, systems are needed to enable simultaneous recording from a large number of individual neurons at high spatiotemporal resolution and good signal-to-noise ratio. Moreover, stimulation capability is highly desirable for investigating, for example, plasticity and learning processes. Here, we present a microelectrode array (MEA) system on a single CMOS die for in vitro recording and stimulation. The system incorporates 26,400 platinum electrodes, fabricated by in-house post-processing, over a large sensing area (3.85 × 2.10 mm2) with sub-cellular spatial resolution (pitch of 17.5 μm). Owing to an area and power efficient implementation, we were able to integrate 1024 readout channels on chip to record extracellular signals from a user-specified selection of electrodes. These channels feature noise values of 2.4 μVrms in the action-potential band (300 Hz–10 kHz) and 5.4 μVrms in the local-field-potential band (1 Hz–300 Hz), and provide programmable gain (up to 78 dB) to accommodate various biological preparations. Amplified and filtered signals are digitized by 10 bit parallel single-slope ADCs at 20 kSamples/s. The system also includes 32 stimulation units, which can elicit neural spikes through either current or voltage pulses. The chip consumes only 75 mW in total, which obviates the need of active cooling even for sensitive cell cultures.