Do synaesthetic colours act as unique features in visual search?
Do synaesthetic colours act as unique features in visual search?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0010-9452(08)70347-2
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Mattingley, Jason B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edquist, Jessica;Rich, Anina N.;Mattingley, Jason B.
对于具有字形-颜色联觉的个体，字母、数字和单词会引发生动且高度一致的颜色体验。在确定这种现象的机制的一个关键问题是，通感颜色是否出现在视觉处理的早期，在分配集中注意力之前，或在一些较晚的阶段后，诱导形式的明确认识。如果由无色目标引起的通感颜色在视觉处理的早期出现，那么目标应该相对容易在一系列无色干扰物中找到，只要目标和干扰物引起不同的通感颜色。在这里，我们提出的数据从14个字素颜色联觉和14个匹配的非联觉控制，每个人进行了一个视觉搜索任务，其中一个目标数字是从周围的干扰物区分其独特的联觉颜色或其独特的显示颜色。参与者搜索显示的8，16或24个项目的特定目标。在彩色条件下，目标和干扰物手指以不同的颜色呈现（例如，蓝色“5”中的黄色“2”）。在非彩色条件下，显示器中的所有数字都是黑色的，但目标引起的通感颜色与干扰物引起的颜色不同。联觉者和对照者都显示出预期的有效（弹出）搜索斜率时，目标是由一个独特的显示颜色定义。相比之下，搜索斜率为两组同样效率低下时，目标和干扰物是无色的，尽管引发不同的颜色的联觉在正常的观看条件下。这些结果表明，至少对于大多数人来说，通感颜色在视觉处理过程中没有足够早地出现，以引导或吸引焦点注意力。我们的研究结果是一致的假设，字形诱导剂必须有选择地参加，以引起他们的通感颜色。
For individuals with grapheme-colour synaesthesia, letters, numbers and words elicit vivid and highly consistent colour experiences. A critical question in determining the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon is whether synaesthetic colours arise early in visual processing, prior to the allocation of focused attention, or at some later stage following explicit recognition of the inducing form. If the synaesthetic colour elicited by an achromatic target emerges early in visual processing, then the target should be relatively easy to find in an array of achromatic distractor items, provided the target and distractors elicit different synaesthetic colours. Here we present data from 14 grapheme-colour synaesthetes and 14 matched non-synaesthetic controls, each of whom performed a visual search task in which a target digit was distinguished from surrounding distractors either by its unique synaesthetic colour or by its unique display colour. Participants searched displays of 8, 16 or 24 items for a specific target. In the chromatic condition, target and distractor digits were presented in different colours (e.g., a yellow '2' amongst blue '5's). In the achromatic condition, all digits in the display were black, but targets elicited a different synaesthetic colour from that induced by the distractors. Both synaesthetes and controls showed the expected efficient (pop-out) search slopes when the target was defined by a unique display colour. In contrast, search slopes for both groups were equally inefficient when the target and distractors were achromatic, despite eliciting distinct colours for the synaesthetes under normal viewing conditions. These results indicate that, at least for the majority of individuals, synaesthetic colours do not arise early enough in visual processing to guide or attract focal attention. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that graphemic inducers must be selectively attended to elicit their synaesthetic colours.