Hydration and cognition: A critical review and recommendations for future research
Hydration and cognition: A critical review and recommendations for future research
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/07315724.2007.10719658
复制
发表时间：
2007-10-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Lieberman, Harris R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lieberman, Harris R.
关于脱水对人类认知功能影响的有限文献是相互矛盾且不一致的。尽管有人认为体重减少 2% 至 3% 会导致认知能力下降，但一些剂量反应研究表明 1% 的脱水水平可能会对认知能力产生不利影响。当热量和运动暴露导致体重减轻 2% 或更多时，视觉运动追踪、短期记忆和注意力都会下降，但并非所有研究都发现该范围内的行为影响。未来的研究应该使用剂量反应设计和最先进的行为方法来确定对认知表现和情绪产生实质性影响的最低脱水水平。在设计和进行此类研究时需要考虑混杂因素，例如咖啡因摄入量和用于产生脱水的方法。此类研究中应纳入阳性对照条件，例如饮酒、服用催眠药物或其他已知会对认知能力产生不利变化的治疗方法。在可能的情况下，对志愿者和研究人员进行盲法应该是研究设计中的一个重要考虑因素。
The limited literature on the effects of dehydration on human cognitive function is contradictory and inconsistent. Although it has been suggested that decrementsin cognitive performance are present in the range of a 2 to 3% reduction in body weight, several dose-response studies indicate dehydration levels of 1% may adversely affect cognitive performance. When a 2% or more reduction in body weight is induced by heat and exercise exposure, decrements in visual-motor tracking, short-term memory and attention are reported, but not all studies find behavioral effects in this range. Future research should be conducted using dose-response designs and state-of-the-art behavioral methods to determine the lowest levels of dehydration that produce substantive effects on cognitive performance and mood. Confounding factors, such as caffeine intake and the methods used to produce dehydration, need to be considered in the design and conduct of such studies. Inclusion of a positive control condition, such as alcohol intake, a hypnotic drug, or other treatments known to produce adverse changes in cognitive performance should be included in such studies. To the extent possible, efforts to blind both volunteers and investigators should be an important consideration in study design.