Genetic testing for inherited breast cancer risk in African Americans
Genetic testing for inherited breast cancer risk in African Americans
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DOI：
10.1081/cnv-200058819
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Mitchell, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halbert, CH;Kessler, LJ;Mitchell, E
随着 BRCA1 和 BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) 突变基因检测越来越多地融入高危女性的临床管理中，了解服务不足的少数群体女性进行遗传咨询的障碍和动机非常重要，以确保公平获得这些服务。因此，本综述的目的是综合关于非裔美国人遗传性乳腺癌风险遗传咨询和检测的知识和态度的文献。我们还回顾了评估该人群基因检测意图的研究。我们对 PubMed 数据库进行了检索，以找出 1995 年至 2003 年间发表的与非裔美国人 BRCA1/2 检测相关的研究。总体而言，研究评估了基因检测知识和态度方面的种族差异，或者比较了非裔美国人和白人女性的基因检测意图。这些研究表明，非裔美国人对乳腺癌遗传学的了解以及对检测可用性的信息了解程度较低，而对基因检测益处的期望却得到了高度认可。然而，人们对 BRCA1/2 突变基因检测对非裔美国人的心理和行为影响知之甚少。需要进行更多研究来了解非裔美国人参与遗传性癌症风险基因检测的障碍和动机。缺乏对心理功能、癌症监测和测试后预防行为的研究是一个重大空白；然而，为了进行这些研究，需要让非裔美国人有更多机会获得遗传咨询和检测。
As genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutations is increasingly integrated into the clinical management of high-risk women, it will be important to understand barriers and motivations for genetic counseling among women from underserved minority groups to ensure equitable access to these services. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to synthesize literature on knowledge and attitudes about genetic counseling and testing for inherited breast cancer risk in African Americans. We also review studies that evaluated genetic testing intentions in this population. We conducted a search of the PubMed database to identify studies related to BRCA1/2 testing in African Americans that were published between 1995 and 2003. Overall, studies have evaluated ethnic differences in knowledge and attitudes about genetic testing or have compared African American and Caucasian women in terms of genetic testing intentions. These studies have shown that knowledge about breast cancer genetics and exposure to information about the availability of testing is low among African Americans, whereas expectations about the benefits of genetic testing are endorsed highly. However, much less is known about the psychological and behavioral impact of genetic testing for BRCA1/2 mutations in African Americans. Additional research is needed to understand barriers and motivations for participating in genetic testing for inherited cancer risk in African Americans. The lack of studies on psychological functioning, cancer surveillance, and preventive behaviors following testing is a significant void; however, for these studies to be conducted, greater access to genetic counseling and testing in African Americans will be needed.