POISONED DEVELOPMENT: ASSESSING CHILDHOOD LEAD EXPOSURE AS A CAUSE OF CRIME IN A BIRTH COHORT FOLLOWED THROUGH ADOLESCENCE
POISONED DEVELOPMENT: ASSESSING CHILDHOOD LEAD EXPOSURE AS A CAUSE OF CRIME IN A BIRTH COHORT FOLLOWED THROUGH ADOLESCENCE
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DOI：
10.1111/1745-9125.12171
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Winter, Alix S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sampson, Robert J.;Winter, Alix S.
铅暴露对后来犯罪的后果在理论上是令人信服的，但来自代表性纵向样本的直接证据很少。通过利用芝加哥社区人类发展项目出生队列中200多名婴儿的原始随访，与他们3岁左右的血铅水平相匹配，我们提供了几项测试。通过使用四波纵向数据，包括个人发展的措施，家庭背景和结构性不平等的铅如何体现，我们评估了儿童早期铅中毒和父母报告的违法行为和青少年后期的官方逮捕之间的假设联系。我们还测试了冲动和焦虑或抑郁的中介发展过程。从多个分析策略，使不同的假设结果揭示了一个合理的因果关系的影响，儿童铅暴露对青少年犯罪行为，但没有直接的联系逮捕。结果强调铅暴露是早期生命过程中中毒发展的触发因素，并呼吁将环境更好地融入犯罪行为个体差异理论。
The consequences of lead exposure for later crime are theoretically compelling, but direct evidence from representative, longitudinal samples is sparse. By capitalizing on an original follow-up of more than 200 infants from the birth cohort of the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods matched to their blood lead levels from around age 3 years, we provide several tests. Through the use of four waves of longitudinal data that include measures of individual development, family background, and structural inequalities in how lead becomes embodied, we assess the hypothesized link between early childhood lead poisoning and both parent-reported delinquent behavior and official arrest in late adolescence. We also test for mediating developmental processes of impulsivity and anxiety or depression. The results from multiple analytic strategies that make different assumptions reveal a plausibly causal effect of childhood lead exposure on adolescent delinquent behavior but no direct link to arrests. The results underscore lead exposure as a trigger for poisoned development in the early life course and call for greater integration of the environment into theories of individual differences in criminal behavior.