Predictors and consequences of food neophobia and pickiness in young girls
Predictors and consequences of food neophobia and pickiness in young girls
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DOI：
10.1053/jada.2003.50134
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Birch, LL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Galloway, AT;Lee, Y;Birch, LL
目标 儿童的蔬菜摄入量远低于推荐水平。我们评估了学龄女孩的食物恐惧症和挑食是否会导致蔬菜摄入量低，以及恐惧症和挑食是否有明显的预测因素。患有食物恐惧症的儿童不愿意吃新食物，而挑食的儿童则拒绝吃许多熟悉的食物。设计/受试者参与者是192名7岁女孩及其父母，他们被招募来进行一项关于女孩营养和发育的研究。我们研究了食物恐惧症和挑食之间的关系，并评估了这些变量是否可以预测女孩的蔬菜消费以及食物恐惧症和挑食的预测因素。分析使用两步过程对数据进行分析。首先，我们使用双向方差分析来评估在食物恐新症和挑食措施上得分高或低的女孩是否有不同程度的蔬菜消费。我们使用多元回归分析来确定女孩中食物恐惧症和挑食的预测因素。结果同时患有食物恐惧症和挑食的女孩比既不恐惧也不挑食的女孩消耗的蔬菜量（1.1+/-0.1）更少（1.6+/-0.1）。在这个样本中，恐新症和挑剔有一定的相关性，但有不同的预测因素。患有食物恐惧症的女孩更加焦虑，而母亲也患有食物恐惧症。挑剔女孩的母亲蔬菜摄入量较少（r = -0.22），而母亲则认为家人没有时间吃健康食品（r = 0.36）。此外，挑食者的母乳喂养时间少于 6 个月 (r = -0.25)。挑剔主要是通过环境或经验因素来预测的，这些因素会发生变化；恐新症是通过更持久和性格因素来预测的。应用由于食物恐新症和挑食会对蔬菜摄入量产生负面影响，因此增加蔬菜摄入量的干预策略应侧重于恐新症和挑食的预测因素，尤其是那些容易发生变化的因素。
Objective Vegetable intake among children is well below recommended levels. We assessed whether food neophobia and pickiness contribute to low vegetable intake, in school-aged girls and if there are distinct predictors for neophobia and pickiness. Children with food neophobia are reluctant to eat new foods whereas picky children resist eating many familiar foods.Design/subjects Participants were 192 7-year-old girls and their parents, recruited for a study of girls' nutrition and development. We examined relationships between food neophobia and pickiness and assessed whether these variables predicted girls' vegetable consumption and predictors of food neophobia and pickiness.Analyses The data were analyzed using a two-step process. First, we used a two-way analysis of variance to assess whether girls who scored high or low on food neophobia and pickiness measures had different levels of vegetable consumption. We used multiple regression analysis to determine predictors of food neophobia and pickiness in the girls.Results Girls with both food neophobia and pickiness consumed fewer vegetables (1.1+/-0.1) than girls with neither neophobia nor pickiness (1.6+/-0.1). Neophobia and pickiness were modestly related in this sample, but had different predictors. Girls with food neophobia were more anxious and had mothers with food neophobia. Picky girls had mothers with less variety in their vegetable intake (r = -0.22) and mothers who perceived their family to have little time to eat healthful foods (r = 0.36). In addition, picky eaters were breastfed for fewer than 6 months (r = -0.25). Pickiness was predicted primarily by environmental or experiential factors subject to changes; neophobia was predicted by more enduring and dispositional factors.Applications Because food neophobia and pickiness negatively influence vegetable intake, intervention strategies to increase vegetable intake should focus on predictors of neophobia and pickiness, especially those subject to change.