Sex still matters in cardiovascular research.
Sex still matters in cardiovascular research.
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性别在心血管研究中仍然很重要。
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00643.2022
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
LeBlanc,AmandaJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lindsey,MerryL;Carter,JasonR;Ripplinger,CrystalM;Kassiri,Zamaneh;HansellKeehan,Kara;Brunt,KeithR;Kirk,JonathanA;Kleinbongard,Petra;LeBlanc,AmandaJ
生理学-心脏和循环生理学(AJP-心脏和循环)必须包括如何将性别作为生物变量考虑的细节(1)。我们还制作了一集AJP-心脏和循环播客，编辑们在其中讨论了优化将性别作为心血管研究中生物变量考虑的严格方法的目标和期望(https://ajpheart.播客。Com/e/sex-and-gender-use-for-ajp-heart-and-circ/).我们的期望是，对于所有新的研究文章、快速报告和创新方法文章提交，作者将在其研究的实验设计和执行中考虑到性别和性别的使用，并将为任何豁免请求提供强有力的科学理由，不包括女性/女性和男性/男性群体(表1)。这篇社论的目的是提醒您即将到来的过渡日期，并提供一份资源指南清单，以帮助促进这一过渡(表2)。将性别视为生物变量是强有力的实验设计的关键组成部分，具有最高严谨性和重复性的研究将包括女性/女性和男性/男性代表。我们承认两性生物学的一些方面，即性别是非二元的，将所有性别作为一个光谱纳入研究是一个不断发展的领域，就变量包容性的最佳实践而言。观点和范例研究文章的一个很好的资源可以在我们最近关于将性别作为心血管研究中的生物变量(https://journals.)的论文的呼吁中找到生理学。Org/topic/ajpheart-collections/sex-asbiological-variable？SeriesKey=&tag Code=)，它从100多份提交中产生了49份出版物。这一呼吁的巨大成功突出表明，心血管疾病界已经准备好将性作为一个生物变量来优先考虑。为了具体帮助提高严密性和可重复性，我们重点介绍了电话会议中发表的三个观点。Denfield等人(2)就如何将性别作为生物变量纳入基础和临床研究的实验设计提供了实用指导和实用操作示例。该呼吁还包括一个关于在评估心血管研究中性别差异时整合等价性检验的适用性的观点(3)。等价性检验用于确定群体均值是否足够接近，从而被认为本质上是等价的。研究人员可以在多个研究设计中使用等效性检验，包括横断面比较和重复测量干预。当与传统的假设检验结合使用时，等值分析加强了解释发现的能力。作为第三种资源，Robinson等人(4)为人类受试者研究的术语主题(男性/女性与男性/女性)提供了一个视角。这篇文章强调了性别认同和相关话题对心理、情感和身体健康的重要性。代词和术语的准确性对于增加科学的方法论和相关性是很重要的。尽管作者在一些具体的资格问题上有一些分歧，但他们就如何使用性和性别术语提供了一致的建议。重要的是，他们一致认为，最关键的方面是将性作为生物变量的更广泛的关注点，并将生物性别适当纳入心血管研究的所有领域。
Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology (AJP-Heart and Circ) must include details on how sex as a biological variable was considered (1). We also produced an episode of the AJP-Heart and Circ podcast in which the editors discussed goals and expectations for optimizing rigorous approaches to the consideration of sex as a biological variable in cardiovascular research (https://ajpheart. podbean. com/e/sex-and-gender-use-for-ajp-heart-and-circ/). Our expectations are that for all new research articles, rapid reports, and innovative methodology article submissions, authors will have considered the use of sex and gender in the experimental design and execution of their studies and that strong scientific justification will be provided for any exemption requests not to include female/women and male/men groups (Table 1). The purpose of this editorial is to remind you of the upcoming transition date and to provide a list of resource guides to help facilitate this transition (Table 2). Considering sex as a biological variable is a crucial component of strong experimental design, and studies with the highest rigor and reproducibility will include female/women and male/men representation. We acknowledge aspects of intersex biology, that gender as nonbinary, and that incorporating all gender as a spectrum in research is an area that is continually evolving in terms of best practices for variable inclusivity. One great resource for perspectives and example research articles can be found in our recent call for papers on Considering Sex as a Biological Variable in Cardiovascular Research (https://journals. physiology. org/topic/ajpheart-collections/sex-asbiological-variable? seriesKey= &tagCode=), which yielded49 publications from over 100 submissions. The tremendous success of this call highlights that the cardiovascular community is ready for prioritizing sex as a biological variable. To specifically help with rigor and reproducibility, we highlight three perspectives published in the call. Denfield et al.(2) provide practical guidance and practical how-to examples on ways to incorporate sex as a biological variable into experimental design for basic and clinical research. The call also includes a perspective regarding the applicability of integrating equivalence testing when evaluating sex differences in cardiovascular research (3). Equivalence testing is used to determine whether group means are sufficiently close enough to be considered essentially equivalent. Investigators can use equivalence testing across multiple study designs, including cross-sectional comparisons and repeated-measures intervention. When used in conjunction with traditional hypothesis testing, equivalence analyses strengthen the ability to interpret findings.As a third resource, Robinson et al.(4) provide a perspective on the topic of terminology (man/woman vs. male/female) for human subject research. This article highlights the importance of gender identity and related topics to psychological, emotional, and physical health. Pronouns and terminology accuracy are important to add clarity to the methodology and relevance of the science. Although the authors had some divergence of opinions regarding some specific qualifications, they provide consensus recommendations on how to use sex and gender terminology. Importantly, they all agreed that the most vital aspect is the broader focus on sex as a biological variable and appropriate inclusion of biological sex in all areas of cardiovascular research.