A Multidisciplinary Assessment of River Surface Water Quality in Areas Heavily Influenced by Human Activities
A Multidisciplinary Assessment of River Surface Water Quality in Areas Heavily Influenced by Human Activities
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DOI：
10.1007/s00244-015-0152-9
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发表时间：
2015-08-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Dailianis, Stefanos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Charalampous, Nikolina;Kindou, Aggeliki;Dailianis, Stefanos
本研究可以作为利用化学和生物方法评估河流地表水质的多学科方法。具体来说，测量了阿索波斯河（希腊）沿岸三个不同站（采样站 S1、S2 和 S3）的水样的理化参数、重金属和农药。与此同时，藻类物种（初级生产者）——例如栅藻和绿球藻；消费性无脊椎动物物种，例如神仙虾 Thamnocephalus platyurus 和轮虫 Brachionus calyciflorus；以及人类淋巴细胞 - 暴露于这些样本以评估其毒性和基因毒性/诱变效应。结果显示，虽然几乎所有理化参数的检测值，但重金属（锌、镉、铅、汞）和农药均低于或在各自的环境质量标准范围内，因此没有提供明确的证据证明其自然或人为来源。镍、铬、六价铬和马拉硫磷的记录值代表了自然和人为富集混合影响的典型案例。相比之下，藻类生长停滞、对淡水无脊椎动物的急性毒性作用以及在人类淋巴细胞中观察到的微核频率增加表明存在人类来源的有害物质，而使用常规化学方法很难确定这些物质。鉴于河流地表水中存在的主要污染物受到人类活动的严重影响，无法提供其生物风险的明确证据，本研究结果表明，化学和生物测定应并行应用，从而作为评估河流水质的可靠工具。
The present study could serve as a multidisciplinary approach for the assessment of river surface water quality with the use of chemical and biological methods. Specifically, physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and pesticides were measured in water samples from three different stations (sampling station S1, S2, and S3) along Asopos River (Greece). In parallel, algal species (primary producers)-such as Scenedesmus rubescens and Chlorococcum sp.; consumer invertebrate species, such as the fairy shrimp Thamnocephalus platyurus and the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus; as well as human lymphocytes-were exposed to those samples for assessing their toxic and genotoxic/mutagenic effects. According to the results, although the values of almost all of the physicochemical parameters tested, heavy metals (zinc, cadmium, lead, and mercury) and pesticides were lower than or within the respective environmental quality standards, thus offering no clear evidence for their natural or anthropogenic origin. Values recorded for nickel, chromium, hexavalent chromium, and malathion represent a typical case of mixed influence from natural and anthropogenic enrichments. In contrast, the algal growth arrest, the acute toxic effects on the freshwater invertebrates, and the increased micronuclei frequencies observed in human lymphocytes showed the presence of human-derived hazardous substances, which were hardly determinable with the use of conventional chemical methods. Given that the presence of priority pollutants in river surface waters, heavily burdened by anthropogenic activities, could give no clear evidence for their biological risk, the results of the present study showed that chemical and biological assays should be applied in parallel, thus serving as a reliable tool for the assessment of river water quality.