Taste Changes in Vitamin A Deficiency
Taste Changes in Vitamin A Deficiency
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维生素 A 缺乏时的味觉变化
DOI：
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发表时间：
1968
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. P. Halpern
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. A. Bernard;B. P. Halpern
我们研究了两组因饮食限制而缺乏维生素A的大鼠的味觉偏好。一组补充了足够的维生素A酸以维持正常生长。另一组在典型的维生素A缺乏症状出现后补充维生素A酒精；在耗竭过程中，这个群体逐渐失去了对NaCl的正常偏好和对奎宁溶液的厌恶。维生素A酒精的补充倾向于使味觉偏好恢复正常。相比之下，摄入维生素A酸的那一组在消耗期间表现出正常的味觉偏好。当维生素A酸补充剂被移除时，味觉偏好变得异常，当维生素A酸恢复时，味觉偏好又恢复正常。缺乏任何形式的维生素A的大鼠在休息和用氯化钠溶液刺激舌头时，周围味觉神经的活动都低于正常水平。组织学检查显示角蛋白浸润味蕾毛孔。附属腺组织萎缩，乳头沟内充满碎片。由此得出结论，维生素A酸可以提供正常味觉所需的维生素A，而维生素A酸不能维持视觉功能。这表明维生素A的作用是在受体水平上发挥的，因为它在粘多糖的生物合成中起作用，粘多糖最近在味蕾的孔区被发现，并且存在于口腔的各种分泌物中。
Taste preferences were studied in two groups of rats depleted of vitamin A by dietary restriction. One group received sufficient vitamin A acid supplement to maintain normal growth. The other group was repleted with vitamin A alcohol after the classical deficiency symptoms had appeared; this group gradually lost normal preferences for NaCl and aversion to quinine solutions during depletion. Vitamin A alcohol repletion tended to restore taste preferences to normal. In contrast, the group receiving vitamin A acid showed normal taste preferences throughout the depletion period. When the vitamin A acid supplement was removed taste preferences became abnormal and returned to normal when vitamin A acid was restored. Peripheral gustatory neural activity of depleted rats without any form of vitamin A was less than normal both at rest and when the tongue was stimulated with NaCl solutions. Histological examination showed keratin infiltrating the pores of the taste buds. Accessory glandular tissues were atrophied and debris filled the trenches of the papillae. It is concluded that vitamin A acid can provide the vitamin A required for normal taste, as contrasted with its inability to maintain visual function. It is suggested that the effect of vitamin A is exerted at the receptor level, as a result of its role in the biosynthesis of mucopolysaccharides, which have been recently identified in the pore area of taste buds, as well as being present in the various secretions of the oral cavity.