Cruciferous vegetable intake and the risk of human cancer: epidemiological evidence
Cruciferous vegetable intake and the risk of human cancer: epidemiological evidence
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0029665108008884
复制
发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Park, Jung Han Yoon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kim, Mi Kyung;Park, Jung Han Yoon
几十年来，许多流行病学研究发现，十字花科蔬菜与几种癌症的风险呈负相关，包括胃癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、膀胱癌和子宫内膜癌，这些都是通过合理的生理机制实现的。尽管回溯性病例对照研究一直报告这些癌症的风险与十字花科蔬菜和含异硫氰酸酯植物的摄入量呈负相关，但目前的前瞻性队列研究发现，这些相关性较弱且不太一致。影响硫代葡萄糖苷水解物代谢的遗传变异可能会调节食用十字花科蔬菜对癌症风险的影响，这可能是回顾研究和前瞻性研究之间存在差异的原因之一。此外，在解释病例对照和队列研究的结果以及就十字花科蔬菜对癌症的潜在影响得出结论时，应仔细考虑方法学问题，如饮食暴露的测量误差、分类错误、回忆偏差、发表偏差、混淆和研究设计。尽管最近对众多研究的全面综述声称表明十字花科蔬菜，特别是十字花科蔬菜对癌症风险具有特定的保护作用，但目前的流行病学证据表明，食用十字花科蔬菜可能只会降低胃癌和肺癌的FISK。然而，目前没有确凿证据表明食用十字花科蔬菜可以降低所有其他癌症的风险。
Over several decades a number of epidemiological studies have identified the inverse associations between cruciferous vegetables and the risk of several cancers, including gastric, breast, colo-rectal, lung, prostate, bladder and endometrial cancers, via plausible physiological mechanisms. Although retrospective case-control studies have consistently reported inverse associations between the risk of these cancers and the intake of cruciferous vegetables and isothiocyanate-containing plants, current prospective cohort studies have found these associations to be weaker and less consistent. Genetic variations affecting the metabolism of glucosinolate hydrolysis products may modulate the effects of cruciferous vegetable consumption on cancer risk, which may be one of the reasons for the discrepancies between retrospective and prospective studies. In addition, methodological issues such as measurement errors of dietary exposure, misclassification, recall bias, publication bias, confounding and study design should be carefully considered in interpreting the results of case-control and cohort studies and in drawing conclusions in relation to the potential effects of cruciferous vegetables on cancers. Although recent comprehensive reviews of numerous studies have purported to show the specific protective role of cruciferous vegetables, and particularly Brassicas, against cancer risk, the current epidemiological evidence suggests that cruciferous vegetable consumption may reduce the fisk only of gastric and lung cancers. However, there is at present no conclusive evidence that the consumption of cruciferous vegetables attenuates the risk of all other cancers.