Spatial symmetry groups as sensorimotor guidelines.
Spatial symmetry groups as sensorimotor guidelines.
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DOI：
10.3233/ves-2007-175-614
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发表时间：
2008-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. McCollum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. McCollum
虽然神经解剖学组织的某些方面与填塞和入路相关，而不是与功能相关，但解剖学/生理学组织的其他方面与功能直接相关。对称群的数学可以用来确定投影中的逻辑结构，并将其与函数联系起来。本文回顾了两项关于前庭投射对称群的研究，这些对称群与前庭复合体的空间功能有关，包括注视、姿势和运动。这些逻辑结构已被确定的对称群的两个前庭投影直接从生理和解剖数据。前庭投射中的逻辑结构与映射属性（例如维持二维和三维坐标系的能力）不同;相反，它们为这些映射属性提供解剖学/生理学基础。从半规管初级传入神经到颈部运动神经元的直接投影的对称群是立方体（O，八面体群）的对称群，其可以作为三维空间中坐标系的离散骨架。从次级前庭传入神经到下橄榄核，再到小脑悬雍垂结节的神经管投影的对称群是正方形（D8），它可以支持水平面的坐标。虽然这些对称群和前庭复合体功能之间的数学关系很清楚，但这些研究提出了一个更大的问题：神经中心及其内在组织相互影响和行为的因果逻辑是什么？前庭投射对称群与空间功能的关系使它们成为研究这种因果逻辑的理想投射。对称群的结果进行了讨论的关系，可能的方式，他们沟通空间结构的其他神经中心和格式的空间功能，如身体运动。这两个投影对称群表明，所有前庭投影可能具有与功能显著相关的对称群，也许都与空间功能相关。
While some aspects of neuroanatomical organization are related to packing and access rather than to function, other aspects of anatomical/physiological organization are directly related to function. The mathematics of symmetry groups can be used to determine logical structure in projections and to relate it to function. This paper reviews two studies of the symmetry groups of vestibular projections that are related to the spatial functions of the vestibular complex, including gaze, posture, and movement. These logical structures have been determined by finding symmetry groups of two vestibular projections directly from physiological and anatomical data. Logical structures in vestibular projections are distinct from mapping properties such as the ability to maintain two- and three-dimensional coordinate systems; rather, they provide anatomical/physiological foundations for these mapping properties. The symmetry group of the direct projection from the semicircular canal primary afferents to neck motor neurons is that of the cube (O, the octahedral group), which can serve as a discrete skeleton for coordinate systems in three-dimensional space. The symmetry group of the canal projection from the secondary vestibular afferents to the inferior olive and thence to the cerebellar uvula-nodulus is that of the square (D8), which can support coordinates for the horizontal plane. While the mathematical relationship between these symmetry groups and functions of the vestibular complex are clear, these studies open a larger question: what is the causal logic by which neural centers and their intrinsic organization affect each other and behavior? The relationship of vestibular projection symmetry groups to spatial function make them ideal projections for investigating this causal logic. The symmetry group results are discussed in relationship to possible ways they communicate spatial structure to other neural centers and format spatial functions such as body movements. These two projection symmetry groups suggest that all vestibular projections may have symmetry groups significantly related to function, perhaps all to spatial function.