Sex differences in political leadership in an egalitarian society.

Sex differences in political leadership in an egalitarian society.
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平等社会中政治领导力的性别差异。

DOI:
10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2018.03.005
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
Evolution and human behavior : official journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Gurven,Michael
Gurven,Michael
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
vonRueden,Chris;Alami,Sarah;Kaplan,Hillard;Gurven,Michael

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我们测试了在小规模社会中,身体强韧、教育和合作方面的性别差异对获得政治领导力的贡献。在来自玻利维亚亚马逊地区的觅食农民中,我们发现男性更有可能行使不同形式的政治领导,包括在社区会议上施加口头影响,协调社区项目,以及解决争端。我们发现,领导力的这些差异不是由于性别本身,而是与男性更多的合作伙伴数量、更多的受教育机会以及更大的体型和体力有关。男性在合作伙伴数量上的优势与他们参与更大的团体以及女性家庭内劳动的机会成本有关。我们认为,这些结果突显了性别选择和性别分工在塑造女性和男性获得领导力方面的相互影响。
We test the contribution of sex differences in physical formidability, education, and cooperation to the acquisition of political leadership in a small-scale society. Among forager-farmers from the Bolivian Amazon, we find that men are more likely to exercise different forms of political leadership, including verbal influence during community meetings, coordination of community projects, and dispute resolution. We show that these differences in leadership are not due to gender per se but are associated with men's greater number of cooperation partners, greater access to schooling, and greater body size and physical strength. Men's advantage in cooperation partner number is tied to their participation in larger groups and to the opportunity costs of women's intrahousehold labor. We argue these results highlight the mutual influence of sexual selection and the sexual division of labor in shaping how women and men acquire leadership.
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