Characteristics of Snowflake Size Distributions Connected with the Difference of Formation Mechanism
Characteristics of Snowflake Size Distributions Connected with the Difference of Formation Mechanism
复制标题
雪花尺寸分布特征与形成机制的差异
DOI：
10.2151/jmsj1965.78.3_233
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
K. Muramoto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Toshio Harimaya;Haruhiko Ishida;K. Muramoto
在地面上进行了雪花大小分布的观测，以重新考虑过去仅从少量数据获得的观测结果。根据大量的实验数据，对雪花的粒径分布特征及其形成机理进行了讨论。结果发现，平均尺寸分布的雪花平行移动到一个更高的数浓度，保持其指数分布与降雪强度的增加。这些特征与古恩和马歇尔（1958）的研究结果不同，后者报道，随着降雪强度的增加，粒径分布变得更宽。一个小的变化叠加在平均粒径分布上，即使在相同的降雪强度条件下，也改变了其斜率。雪花的密度和霜的比例被证明是决定斜率的因素。换句话说，当雪花的密度较低且不是由有边的雪晶组成时，大小分布的斜率变得更平缓。
Observation of snowflake size distribution was carried out on the ground in order to reconsider the past observational results obtained from only a small amount of data. Based on the large quantity of data obtained in our studies, the characteristics of snowflake size distributions and their formation mechanisms are discussed. It was found that averaged size distributions of snowflakes moved parallel to a higher number concentration, maintaining their exponential distributions with increase in snowfall intensity. These characteristics differ from those of Gunn and Marshall (1958), who reported that size distributions became broader with increase in snowfall intensity. A small variation superposed on the averaged size distribution, and changed its slope even under the condition of equal snowfall intensity. The density and riming proportion of snowflakes are shown to be the factor that determines the slope. In other words, the slope of the size distribution becomes more gentle when snowflakes have low density and are not composed of rimed snow crystals.