Burden of Tobacco in Pakistan: Findings From Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2014
Burden of Tobacco in Pakistan: Findings From Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2014
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DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntx179
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Bhatti, Lubna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Saqib, Muhammad Arif Nadeem;Rafique, Ibrar;Bhatti, Lubna
前言：《全球成人烟草调查》(GATS)是系统监测成人烟草使用和跟踪关键控烟指标的全球标准。方法：采用多阶段分层整群设计，随机抽取9856户家庭，每户随机抽取1人。使用GATS标准问卷收集有关烟草使用、戒烟、二手烟、知识、态度和看法的信息。结果：9856人中，7831人完成了访谈。有效率为81%。总体而言，19.1%的成年人目前正在使用烟草产品，其中12.4%吸烟，7.7%无烟烟草。在餐馆接触二手烟的比例为86%，而在公共交通工具上的比例为76%。在过去的12个月里，共有24.7%的吸烟者尝试戒烟。37.7%的成年人看到了戒烟信息，29.7%的当前吸烟者在看到香烟包装上的健康警示标签后考虑戒烟。大多数(85%)成年人赞成在公共场所不吸烟，74.8%的人赞成增加烟草产品的税收。目前的吸烟者每月在制造卷烟上花费767.3巴基斯坦卢比(7.78美元)，每年消费4,500根香烟(225包)。结论：除19.1%的吸烟者外，大多数人(86%)在公共场所接触二手烟，说明公共场所的烟草使用禁令没有得到遵守。四分之一的当前吸烟者想要戒烟，他们可能会得到帮助以减轻烟草负担。影响：这项研究提供了关于烟草使用及其负担的全国性数据，也表明烟草控制法律的执行不力。有必要制定一项适当执行这些法律的战略，以减轻该国的烟草负担。
Introduction: The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) is the global standard for systematically monitoring adult tobacco use and tracking key tobacco control indicators.Methods: Using a multistage stratified cluster design, 9856 households were sampled, and one individual was randomly selected from each household. Standard GATS questionnaire was used to collect information on tobacco use, cessation, second-hand smoke, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions. Data were analyzed per standard GATS protocol.Results: Of 9856 individuals, 7831 individuals completed the interview. The response rate was 81%. Overall, 19.1% adults were currently using tobacco products and among them, 12.4% smoked tobacco, and 7.7% smokeless tobacco. Exposure to second-hand smoke was seen in 86% in a restaurant while it was 76% on public transportation. A total of 24.7% smokers made a quit attempt in the past 12 months. Anticigarette smoking information was observed by 37.7% adults, while 29.7% current smokers thought about quitting after reading health warning labels on cigarette packages. Most (85%) adults favored no smoking in public places, and 74.8% favored increasing taxes on tobacco products. Current cigarette smokers spent Pakistani Rupees 767.3 per month (7.78 USD) on manufactured cigarettes and consumed 4500 cigarette sticks (225 packs) annually.Conclusions: Besides 19.1% tobacco users, the majority (86%) were exposed to second-hand smoke at public places indicating that ban on tobacco use in public places is not being followed. A quarter of current smokers wants to quit smoking who may be provided assistance to reduce tobacco burden.Implications: This study provides national-level data about tobacco use and its burden and also indicates weak implantation of tobacco control laws. There is need to devise a strategy for proper implementation of these laws to reduce the tobacco burden in the country.