Weak and strong coupling regimes in plasmonic QED
Weak and strong coupling regimes in plasmonic QED
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.87.115419
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发表时间：
2013-03-15
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zueco, D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huemmer, T.;Garcia-Vidal, F. J.;Zueco, D.
我们提出了一个二能级发射体与单模波导谐振腔中的表面等离子体激元相互作用的量子理论。基于绿色函数的方法，我们开发的弱耦合和强耦合制度的条件，考虑到耗散和退相干的来源：辐射和非辐射衰变，在发射器的内部损耗过程，以及在谐振器中的等离子体激元的传播和泄漏损失。该理论是支持的几个量子发射体，GaAs和CdSe量子点，氮空位（NV）中心与不同类型的混合，圆柱形，或楔形波导的谐振器构造的数值计算。我们进一步研究了温度和谐振腔长度的作用。假设现实的泄漏率，我们发现存在一个最佳的长度在强耦合是可能的。我们的计算表明，在等离子体共振器的强耦合制度是在当前的技术中，当工作在非常低的温度（小于或接近4 K）。在弱耦合区，我们的理论解释了最近的实验结果。通过进一步优化，我们发现NV中心在室温下的自发辐射有很大的增强，珀塞尔因子超过1000。最后讨论了量子非线性光学和等离激元-等离激元相互作用的应用。DOI：10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115419
We present a quantum theory for the interaction of a two-level emitter with surface plasmon polaritons confined in single-mode waveguide resonators. Based on the Green's function approach, we develop the conditions for the weak and strong coupling regimes by taking into account the sources of dissipation and decoherence: radiative and nonradiative decays, internal loss processes in the emitter, as well as propagation and leakage losses of the plasmons in the resonator. The theory is supported by numerical calculations for several quantum emitters, GaAs and CdSe quantum dots, and nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers together with different types of resonators constructed of hybrid, cylindrical, or wedge waveguides. We further study the role of temperature and resonator length. Assuming realistic leakage rates, we find the existence of an optimal length at which strong coupling is possible. Our calculations show that the strong coupling regime in plasmonic resonators is accessible within current technology when working at very low temperatures (less than or similar to 4 K). In the weak coupling regime, our theory accounts for recent experimental results. By further optimization we find highly enhanced spontaneous emission with Purcell factors over 1000 at room temperature for NV centers. We finally discuss more applications for quantum nonlinear optics and plasmon-plasmon interactions. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.87.115419