Mental Causation, Multiple Realization and Emergence: an Introduction
Mental Causation, Multiple Realization and Emergence: an Introduction
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心理因果关系、多重实现和涌现：简介
DOI：
10.1163/18756735-90000772
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Walter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Slors;S. Walter
根据语境主义者的描述，特定知识归属的真值可能会随着归因者的语境特征而变化。因此，下面的话可能是真的：“X不知道P，但Y在断言‘X知道P’时说了一些真实的东西”。语境论者必须根据这一令人不快但不可避免的后果来为他的理论辩护。要做到这一点，最好的办法是将知识归属的语境敏感性解释为不是来自所谓的“知道”一词的索引性，也不是来自其模糊性或模棱两可，而是来自“知道”一词的一个独特的语义特征，即它的非专一性。
According to contextualist accounts, the truth value of a given knowledge ascription may vary with features of the ascriber's context. As a result, the following may be true:" X doesn't know that P but Y says something true in asserting'X knows that P'". The contextualist must defend his theory in the light of this unpleasant but inevitable consequence. The best way of doing this is to construe the context sensitivity of knowledge ascriptions not as deriving from an alleged indexicality of the word" know" nor from its vagueness or ambiguity, but rather from a distinct semantic feature of the word" know", namely its unspecificity.