Tuberculosis, HIV seroprevalence and intravenous drug abuse in prisoners
Tuberculosis, HIV seroprevalence and intravenous drug abuse in prisoners
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.05.00136004
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Fedorin, IM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drobniewski, FA;Balabanova, YM;Fedorin, IM
据信，俄罗斯监狱中结核病和艾滋病毒的发病率很高。对患有结核病的囚犯进行了研究，以确定以下内容：1)艾滋病毒的流行情况，以及艾滋病毒和其他血源性病毒感染的危险因素；2)可能影响结核病治疗效果和/或患者依从性并因此导致治疗失败的临床和社会因素。在俄罗斯联邦萨马拉的一家结核病住院设施对1345名患有结核病的囚犯进行了为期1年的横断面流行病学研究。艾滋病毒和乙型肝炎和/或丙型肝炎合并感染分别发生在12.2%和24.1%的囚犯中，其发生率明显高于平民。总体而言，48.6%的囚犯使用毒品，其中88.3%是静脉注射吸毒者。与患有结核病的平民相比，囚犯更有可能是静脉吸毒者和艾滋病毒阳性，40.2%的囚犯共用针头。三分之二的囚犯（68.6%）以前接受过结核病药物治疗（通常是多次中断的疗程），并且与平民相比，以前接受治疗的可能性明显更高，这与所见的高耐药性相符。监狱是结核病和艾滋病毒流行的主要驱动因素。需要新的战略来减少血液传播疾病的传播，特别是在静脉注射吸毒者中
High rates of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV are believed to exist in Russian prisons. Prisoners with TB were studied in order to identify the following: 1) prevalence of HIV, and risk factors for HIV and other blood-borne virus infections; and 2) clinical and social factors that might compromise TB treatment effectiveness and/or patient adherence and, hence, encourage treatment failure.A 1-yr cross-sectional prevalence study of 1,345 prisoners with TB was conducted at an in-patient TB facility in Samara, Russian Federation.HIV and hepatitis B and/or C co-infection occurred in 12.2% and 24.1% of prisoners, respectively, and rates were significantly higher than in civilians. Overall, 48.6% of prisoners used drugs, of which 88.3% were intravenous users. Prisoners were more likely to be intravenous drug users and HIV positive compared with civilians with TB, and 40.2% of prisoners shared needles. Two-thirds of prisoners (68.6%) had received previous TB drug therapy (frequently multiple, interrupted courses) and were significantly more likely than civilians to have had previous therapy consistent with the high drug-resistance rates seen.Prisons are major drivers of the tuberculosis and HIV epidemics. Novel strategies are needed to reduce the spread of blood borne diseases, particularly in intravenous drug users