Transcriptomic identification of starfish neuropeptide precursors yields new insights into neuropeptide evolution.
Transcriptomic identification of starfish neuropeptide precursors yields new insights into neuropeptide evolution.
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海星神经肽前体的转录组鉴定可产生对神经肽进化的新见解。
DOI：
10.1098/rsob.150224
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发表时间：
2016-02
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Elphick MR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Semmens DC;Mirabeau O;Moghul I;Pancholi MR;Wurm Y;Elphick MR
神经肽是神经系统中进化上古老的神经元信号传导介质。随着基因组学/转录组学的最新进展，越来越广泛的物种已成为可用于分子分析。后口类无脊椎动物在这方面特别令人感兴趣，因为它们在动物生殖发育中占据“中间”位置，在充分研究的模式原口类无脊椎动物（例如黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）、秀丽隐杆线虫（Caelophabditis elegans））和脊椎动物之间架起了差距。在这里，我们已经确定了40个神经肽前体的海星红，后口无脊椎动物从门棘皮动物。重要的是，这些包括kisspeptin型和黑色素浓缩型前体，这是第一次在非脊索动物物种中发现。海星速激肽型、生长抑素型、色素分散因子型和促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素型前体是动物界棘皮动物/步足动物分支中首次发现的。其他已鉴定的前体包括加压素/催产素型、促性腺激素释放肽型、促甲状腺激素释放肽型、降钙素型、胆囊收缩素/胃泌素型、食欲素型、鲁秦型、足肽/orcokinin型、糖蛋白激酶型、囊体蛋白型、松弛素型和胰岛素样生长因子型前体。这是迄今为止对棘皮动物神经肽前体蛋白最全面的鉴定，为神经肽信号系统的进化提供了新的见解。此外，这些数据提供了一个基础的神经肽功能的实验分析的独特背景下，分散的，pentarradial棘皮动物bauplan。
Neuropeptides are evolutionarily ancient mediators of neuronal signalling in nervous systems. With recent advances in genomics/transcriptomics, an increasingly wide range of species has become accessible for molecular analysis. The deuterostomian invertebrates are of particular interest in this regard because they occupy an ‘intermediate' position in animal phylogeny, bridging the gap between the well-studied model protostomian invertebrates (e.g. Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans) and the vertebrates. Here we have identified 40 neuropeptide precursors in the starfish Asterias rubens, a deuterostomian invertebrate from the phylum Echinodermata. Importantly, these include kisspeptin-type and melanin-concentrating hormone-type precursors, which are the first to be discovered in a non-chordate species. Starfish tachykinin-type, somatostatin-type, pigment-dispersing factor-type and corticotropin-releasing hormone-type precursors are the first to be discovered in the echinoderm/ambulacrarian clade of the animal kingdom. Other precursors identified include vasopressin/oxytocin-type, gonadotropin-releasing hormone-type, thyrotropin-releasing hormone-type, calcitonin-type, cholecystokinin/gastrin-type, orexin-type, luqin-type, pedal peptide/orcokinin-type, glycoprotein hormone-type, bursicon-type, relaxin-type and insulin-like growth factor-type precursors. This is the most comprehensive identification of neuropeptide precursor proteins in an echinoderm to date, yielding new insights into the evolution of neuropeptide signalling systems. Furthermore, these data provide a basis for experimental analysis of neuropeptide function in the unique context of the decentralized, pentaradial echinoderm bauplan.